THE MATERIALS ATLAS.
DISCOVER IT.

About the atlas

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

17 images

TryDamageML00153corrosionCrackingML00164brittle fractureOil and Gasductile behaviorSubseafatiguehydrogenfractureembrittlementstress corrosion
Standard: ASTM Capture method: Transverse Section Aspect clear all
M

Material

79 classified

Browse all Material →
P

Product

96 classified

Browse all Product →
Ap

Application

37 classified

Browse all Application →
C

Condition

84 classified

Browse all Condition →
Cm

Capture method

52 classified

Browse all Capture method →
Df

Detail focus

208 classified

Browse all Detail focus →

Sharpest next filters

Browse by category (1)
Microstructure60
+52 more

and 12 more not shown here — refine in the Atlas

The Materials
Image Database

17 images
Macrosection of the valve body at the thread, showing the position where the fitting was installed.
84
VIEW
ML00184 / Apr.2023
Dissimilar Steels in a Threaded Connection
M - Low Carbon SteelP - ForgingAp - OffshoreCd - Localized Dissolution
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Corrosion
Macrosection of the wire rope, transverse, showing 6 strands and an independent wire rope core (IWRC). Each strand presents three layers in a SEALE construction.
92
VIEW
ML00175 / Aug.2021
Localized External Wear of a Wire Rope
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - Oil and GasCd - Wear
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Plastic Deformation
Flat casting product presenting several thermal fatigue cracks all thorugh the surfaces. 1" thicknes.
171
VIEW
ML00001 / Dec.2017
Thermal Fatigue of Cast Iron
M - Nodular Cast IronP - CastAp - SiderurgyCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Cracks Transverse to the Surface
Aspect of the 3/8" thickness plate, 50 mm x 50 mm, of the low carbon steel, in a section transverse to the impact position that is to the top of the figure. The perforated hole expulsed the material to the top and bottom directions. The hole is larger in the exit of the bullet.
53
VIEW
ML00143 / Aug.2018
Impact of a .308 Winchester on A36 Plate
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Pierced
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Transverse Section
Aspect of a section cut transverse to the center of the body. The crack is brittle, trough wall, and was arrested in the region where the valve body was welded to the insert.
105
VIEW
ML00134 / Aug.2020
Brittle Fracture of a Superduplex Valve Body
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Cracking
The macrography of a transverse section of the new tube shows that there are shrinkage voids close to the internal surface, that is exposed to high temperature air. The tube is a 4" diameter and 1/4" thick.
62
VIEW
ML00097 / Nov.2017
Cast SS Tube Removed From High Temperature Service
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Centrifugally Cast PipeAp - SiderurgyCd - High Temperature
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Casting Structure
The macrography of a longitudinal section of the shell plate (sample removed from the boiler), at the position of the fillet weld (sealing weld) with a tube, where surface welding repairs created conditions for cracking the base material in a transgranular morphology. Several cracks were identify starting from the steam drum internal surface.
448
VIEW
ML00019 / Apr.2017
Transgranular SCC in Boiler Steam Drum
M - CMn SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - BoilerCd - Stress Corrosion
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Cracks
A small sample containing cracks was removed from the cracked weld metal, by mechanical means.
81
VIEW
ML00071 / Jan.2019
Reheating Cracking of a CrMo Vessel Weld
M - CrMo SteelP - In Field WeldAp - EnergyCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Weld Metal

More from these cases

ML00184 — Dissimilar Steels in a Threaded ConnectionM - Low Carbon SteelP - ForgingAp - OffshoreCd - Localized Dissolution
Macrosection detail of the valve body at the thread, showing the metal to metal contact between the carbon steel female thread and the stainless steel male thread.
80
VIEW
ML00184 / Apr.2023
Dissimilar Steels in a Threaded Connection
M - Low Carbon SteelP - ForgingAp - OffshoreCd - Localized Dissolution
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Localized Corrosion
ML00175 — Localized External Wear of a Wire RopeM - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - Oil and GasCd - Wear
Detail of the IWRC with 6 strands of 7 wires plus the core. It is possible to see that the outer wires of the external strands are plastically deformed, mainly in the upper side of the figure; and the core is manufactured using galvanized wires.
39
VIEW
ML00175 / Aug.2021
Localized External Wear of a Wire Rope
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - Oil and GasCd - Wear
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - General View
Detail of the IWRC with 6 strands of 7 wires plus the core. It is possible to see that the outer wires of the external strands are plastically deformed, mainly in the upper side of the figure; and the core is manufactured using galvanized wires.
3
VIEW
ML00175 / Aug.2021
Localized External Wear of a Wire Rope
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - Oil and GasCd - Wear
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - General View
ML00001 — Thermal Fatigue of Cast IronM - Nodular Cast IronP - CastAp - SiderurgyCd - Thermal Fatigue
Oriundos
59
VIEW
ML00001 / Dec.2017
Thermal Fatigue of Cast Iron
M - Nodular Cast IronP - CastAp - SiderurgyCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Acicular Alpha
ML00134 — Brittle Fracture of a Superduplex Valve BodyM - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Brittle Fracture
Aspect of a section cut transverse to the center of the body. The structure of the valve body was not uniform and close to the BX groove body face the structure was more degradated than in the bottom of the body, as it will be presented in the next figures.
83
VIEW
ML00134 / Aug.2020
Brittle Fracture of a Superduplex Valve Body
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Cracking
Aspect of a section cut transverse to the center of the body. The cracking is brittle, trough wall.
58
VIEW
ML00134 / Aug.2020
Brittle Fracture of a Superduplex Valve Body
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Cracking
ML00097 — Cast SS Tube Removed From High Temperature ServiceM - Heat Resistant SteelP - Centrifugally Cast PipeAp - SiderurgyCd - High Temperature
The macrography of a transverse section of the tube removed from service after 6 months, with damage close to the internal tube surface. The tube is a 4" diameter and 1/4" thick.
41
VIEW
ML00097 / Nov.2017
Cast SS Tube Removed From High Temperature Service
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Centrifugally Cast PipeAp - SiderurgyCd - High Temperature
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Casting Structure

View all 17 images in the Atlas →

most recent

The location of the threaded fitting started leaking after less than five years in service. Although the corrosion rate was not high, the localized material loss in the threaded surface of the carbon steel flange allowed the connection leakage.
769
VIEW
ML00184 / Apr.2023
Dissimilar Steels in a Threaded Connection
M - Low Carbon SteelP - ForgingAp - OffshoreCd - Localized Dissolution
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Front wheel 17 x 7J of a passenger vehicle (identified as WHEEL 1) that broke during a car accident on a road.
1644
VIEW
ML00183 / Dec.2022
Ductile Behavior of an Aluminum Wheel
M - Aluminum Silicon MagnesiumP - CastingAp - AutomotiveCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Tool fixture 5" long, nominal diameter 2", presenting a recess 1/2" deep from two sides. The rupture occurred about 2" from the end of the rod. Scale in milimeters.
523
VIEW
ML00182 / Jul.2022
Brittle Fracture of a LAS Fixing Rod
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - StemAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Pinion of hypoid gearbox, assembled in a 1560-mm long shaft that operated during more than 60,000 hours, and removed from service due to unacceptable wear damage.
1028
VIEW
ML00181 / Apr.2022
Wear of a Carburized Hypoid Gear
M - Low Alloy for Thermochemical TreatmentP - Pinion-crown assemblyAp - ShipCd - Wear
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Aspect of the 3 1/2" diameter tube after the water leakage in high temperature.
962
VIEW
ML00180 / Mar.2022
Local Melting of Copper Cooling Tubes
M - Pure CopperP - Cooling TubeAp - SiderurgyCd - Overheating
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
2" drain line from the main 10" line. The leakage occurred at the margin of the weld, a short time after the introduction of the reinforced ribs to reduce vibration.
641
VIEW
ML00179 / Feb.2022
Hydrides in Titanium Weld
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - In Field WeldAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Field photoDf - General View
The drilling connector, 21" diameter, presented a crack at the margin of the weld in the forging side (left side of the weld in the figure).
745
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Macrography of the longitudinally seam weld of the 24" diameter tube, showing that it was welded from both sides and there is a segregation line in the center of the tube thickness.
737
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Seam
The titanium rotor blade of a flowmeter broke after two years in service in an acid environment, containing H2S.
339
VIEW
ML00176 / Nov.2021
Hydride Formation in a Titanium Blade
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - BladeAp - Oil and GasCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Aspect of the wire rope, 1 1/2" diameter, presenting regions of flattened areas at the surface of the outer wires. It is a 6 x 19 Seale construction, right regular lay.
552
VIEW
ML00175 / Aug.2021
Localized External Wear of a Wire Rope
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - Oil and GasCd - Wear
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
The carcass was manufactured using niobium stabilized plates, grade AISI 347, with circumferential welds, where the through wall cracks were detected.
300
VIEW
ML00174 / Jul.2021
Carburization of a 347 SS Welded Joint
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - EnergyCd - Carburization
Cm - Field photoDf - General View
Aged microstructure of the HP stainless steel, modified with 1%Nb, cast fitting, tubular, operating for 6 years in a furnace which design temperature is 1100°C. The material presented a network of primary carbides, white and grey, and an austenitic matrix with coalescing secondary precipitation. Some voids. The Vickers identation indicates a hardness value about 260HV 100g in the aged austenitic matrix.
491
VIEW
ML00173 / May.2021
Welding Cracks in an Aged HP Cast Fitting
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Cast FtittingAp - PetrochemicalCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Microhardness identations

Partners

Companies involved

TECMETAL