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Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

398 images for "fatigue"

TryO&G Well DrillingML00114corrosionBoilerML00148brittle fractureAusteniteductile behaviorFerritic pearliticfatigueUNShydrogenASTMfractureembrittlementstress corrosion
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398 images for "fatigue"
Aspect before cleaning of the heavy U bolt pipe clamp, 38 mm diameter wire, at the fractured position. It is possible to see that it broke in a region where the clamp was no longer coated and there is no insert in the groove (at the internal clamp diameter). The fracture is transverse to the clamp axis.
522
VIEW
ML00171 / Feb.2021
Corrosion Fatigue of U Bolt Pipe Clamp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - BoltAp - ShipCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Aspect of a flared tubing, cold deformed at 37°, and the circumferential cracking.
483
VIEW
ML00167 / Aug.2020
Fatigue of a Flared Tubing Connection
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - TubingAp - EngineCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Aspect of the waterwall during removal of the leaking tube. The leakage was detected, by visual inspection, from the outside of the boiler.
1675
VIEW
ML00163 / Jun.2020
Corrosion Fatigue of a Boiler Waterwall Tube
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless tubeAp - BoilerCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Field photoDf - General View
Polished cross-section showing rounded graphite nodules within a ferritic matrix, bordered by an irregular oxidized region at the surface edge.
909
VIEW
ML00001 / Dec.2017
Thermal Fatigue of Cast Iron
M - Nodular Cast IronP - CastAp - SiderurgyCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Oxide Layer
Vertical piping in a corrosive oil producing system of a FPSO. The line is a nominal diameter 14" sch 10S (pipe thickness about 5 mm) and the flanged branch line is a 2" nominal diameter welded to the main pipe using a weldolet (forged fitting). The fatigue induced cracking occurred longitudinal to the main pipe, originated at the margem of the weld interface with the pipe.
1480
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Gas piping. Aspect of a branching line 2" ND, lateral to a horizontal main pipe ND 8", welded using a weldolet. The cracking started at the margin of the weld in the upper part of the pipe, where the weld crossed the longitudinal direction of the pipe, perpendicular to the branch.
932
VIEW
ML00149 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a Gas Piping
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Piping spoolAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Cracking
Aspect of the bolt fracture surface by scanning electron microscopy, (SEM) presenting striations that indicate a FATIGUE micromechanism. The bolt is of a medium strength (class 8.8) low alloy steel, medium carbon, quenched and tempered.
1123
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Fractography by SEMDf - Fatigue Fracture
Multiple thermal fatigue cracks at the welded joint between the smoke tube (vertical, internal diameter 248mm) and the tubesheet (horizontal, plate of 22 mm thickness). This is a view from the combustion chamber. The dye check tests revealed several parallel cracks.
1249
VIEW
ML00119 / Feb.2018
Thermal Fatigue of a Marine Boiler
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - ShipCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - Aspect by NDTDf - Thermal Fatigue Cracks

More from these cases

ML00171 — Corrosion Fatigue of U Bolt Pipe ClampM - Low Carbon SteelP - BoltAp - ShipCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Aspect of the U bolt clamp with partial detachment of the coating (white brown) in a region where the polimeric insert (dirty white) is still in the wire groove at the internal clamp diameter (ID).
91
VIEW
ML00171 / Feb.2021
Corrosion Fatigue of U Bolt Pipe Clamp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - BoltAp - ShipCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Detailed aspect of the fractured position, in a region where the clamp was no longer coated and there is no insert in the groove (at the internal clamp diameter). The fracture is transverse to the clamp axis.
86
VIEW
ML00171 / Feb.2021
Corrosion Fatigue of U Bolt Pipe Clamp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - BoltAp - ShipCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Fracture
Same aspect of the previous image after cleaning, showing a subcritical propagation aspect (fatigue), starting at the groove (ID) and also at the clamp surface in the OD.
75
VIEW
ML00171 / Feb.2021
Corrosion Fatigue of U Bolt Pipe Clamp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - BoltAp - ShipCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Fracture
In the region where the polimeric insert was loose, the protective coating of the clamp has suffered detachment.
69
VIEW
ML00171 / Feb.2021
Corrosion Fatigue of U Bolt Pipe Clamp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - BoltAp - ShipCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Layer Detachment
Close to the ID of the clamp, at the groove position, there are cracks in the coating (white brown) and also at the substrate.
63
VIEW
ML00171 / Feb.2021
Corrosion Fatigue of U Bolt Pipe Clamp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - BoltAp - ShipCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Cracks

+22 more from this case →

ML00167 — Fatigue of a Flared Tubing ConnectionM - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - TubingAp - EngineCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Same flared tubing, with a circumferential crack, with the focus at the internal side.
65
VIEW
ML00167 / Aug.2020
Fatigue of a Flared Tubing Connection
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - TubingAp - EngineCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the tubing showing a granular structure, austenitic.
52
VIEW
ML00167 / Aug.2020
Fatigue of a Flared Tubing Connection
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - TubingAp - EngineCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Longitudinal Section
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the tubing, showing the austenitic structure free from strain hardening and free from grain boundary carbides.
51
VIEW
ML00167 / Aug.2020
Fatigue of a Flared Tubing Connection
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - TubingAp - EngineCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Austenite
Micrographic detail of the austenitic structure, free from strain hardening and free from grain boundary carbides.
54
VIEW
ML00167 / Aug.2020
Fatigue of a Flared Tubing Connection
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - TubingAp - EngineCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Austenite
Low magnification fractography by scanning electron microscopy, after a complete opening of the crack. At this magnification no micromechanism is evident.
51
VIEW
ML00167 / Aug.2020
Fatigue of a Flared Tubing Connection
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - TubingAp - EngineCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Fractography by SEMDf - Fracture

+8 more from this case →

ML00163 — Corrosion Fatigue of a Boiler Waterwall TubeM - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless tubeAp - BoilerCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Aspect of the sample removed from the waterwall, where the tube has leaked, presenting the crack in the membrane.
361
VIEW
ML00163 / Jun.2020
Corrosion Fatigue of a Boiler Waterwall Tube
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless tubeAp - BoilerCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Field photoDf - Through Wall Cracking
Aspect of the tube internal surface after removal from the boiler, presenting multiple longitudinal cracks.
295
VIEW
ML00163 / Jun.2020
Corrosion Fatigue of a Boiler Waterwall Tube
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless tubeAp - BoilerCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Internal Surface
Aspect of the external surface of the leaking tube, after removal of the membrane.
262
VIEW
ML00163 / Jun.2020
Corrosion Fatigue of a Boiler Waterwall Tube
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless tubeAp - BoilerCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - External Surface
Throught wall cracking of the waterwall tube at the leakage position, thick edged, The external surface of the tube was grounded to remove the membrane and the cracking is associated to the tube attachement.
242
VIEW
ML00163 / Jun.2020
Corrosion Fatigue of a Boiler Waterwall Tube
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless tubeAp - BoilerCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Thick-edged rupture
Macrography of the transverse section of the tube, in a position where the cracking was not yet through wall. The internal tube surface shows multiple corrosion fatigue cracks, parallel, under the weld of the membrane, probably related to the cold side of the tube (the cracks opened to the boiler outside). The external side of the tube presenting a small crack at the margem of the weld, suggesting also the action of thermal stresses.
214
VIEW
ML00163 / Jun.2020
Corrosion Fatigue of a Boiler Waterwall Tube
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless tubeAp - BoilerCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Multiple cracks

+18 more from this case →

ML00001 — Thermal Fatigue of Cast IronM - Nodular Cast IronP - CastAp - SiderurgyCd - Thermal Fatigue
Flat casting product presenting several thermal fatigue cracks all thorugh the surfaces. 1" thicknes.
171
VIEW
ML00001 / Dec.2017
Thermal Fatigue of Cast Iron
M - Nodular Cast IronP - CastAp - SiderurgyCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Cracks Transverse to the Surface
Detail of figure 2, showing multiple fatigue cracks due to thermal cycles.
136
VIEW
ML00001 / Dec.2017
Thermal Fatigue of Cast Iron
M - Nodular Cast IronP - CastAp - SiderurgyCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Cracks Transverse to the Surface
The 1" flat casting product presents a ferritic perlitic matrix and graphite nodules.
112
VIEW
ML00001 / Dec.2017
Thermal Fatigue of Cast Iron
M - Nodular Cast IronP - CastAp - SiderurgyCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Graphite in Nodules
Center of the flat casting product, presenting nodular graphite and ferritic perlitic matrix.
113
VIEW
ML00001 / Dec.2017
Thermal Fatigue of Cast Iron
M - Nodular Cast IronP - CastAp - SiderurgyCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Predominantly Ferritic Matrix
Nodular cast iron presenting a ferritic perlitic matrix.
109
VIEW
ML00001 / Dec.2017
Thermal Fatigue of Cast Iron
M - Nodular Cast IronP - CastAp - SiderurgyCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Matrix of ferrite and pearlite

+4 more from this case →

ML00150 — Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil PipingM - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Macrography of the section transverse to the ND 14" main pipe (that is only 5mm thick) and to the ND 2" branch that is a weldolet fitting welded to the main pipe and flange. This image is interesting because it shows clearly how thin is the pipe compared with the fitting thickness and the large amount of welding required to assure a full penetration weld in the weldolet.
220
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MacroDf - Transverse Section
Transverse section of the 14" pipe in the center of the 2" branch using a weldolet fitting welded to the main pipe. The internal side of the pipe is to the top of the figure and the through wall fatigue cracking is located at the margem of the weld. It is possible to see that it is a full penetration weld and the fitting thickness is several times larger than the pipe thickness.
174
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Electrolytically Etched MacroDf - Crack
Detail of the fatigue cracking, staring from the margin of the weld. The crack propagated though wall of the pipe (5 mm). The larger thickness of the weldolet requires a large amount of deposited weld metal, about 20 mm that is 4 times the pipe thickness. It is an interesting aspect to be considered by designers.
176
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Electrolytically Etched MacroDf - Fatigue Crack
After cutting the pipe and opening the crack, the fracture appearance shows a clean fracture, flat, starting from the margem of the weld of the pipe (right side of the figure), and propagating through wall into the pipe (aproximately 5 mm thickness). The external side of the pipe is to the right side of the figure (presenting the weld finishing) and the internal side of the pipe is to the left side of the figure.
176
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Fracture Surface AspectDf - Fracture
The same fracture appearance of the previous figure, looking at a higher magnification by scanning electron microscopy. The fracture is clean, flat, starting in the right side of the figure, at the margem of the weld and propagating into the pipe thickness. The external side of the pipe is to the right side of the figure and the internal side of the pipe is to the left side of the figure.
154
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Fractography by SEMDf - Fracture

+29 more from this case →

ML00149 — Vibration Induced Fatigue in a Gas PipingM - Low Carbon SteelP - Piping spoolAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Gas piping. Aspect of a branching line 2" ND with a flange, lateral to a main pipe ND 8", welded using a weldolet. The cracking is at the margin of the weld.
115
VIEW
ML00149 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a Gas Piping
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Piping spoolAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Micrography of a transverse section of the seamless pipe, presenting a ferritic-pearlitic structure.
84
VIEW
ML00149 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a Gas Piping
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Piping spoolAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
Micrography of a transverse section of the seamless pipe, presenting a ferritic-pearlitic structure.
70
VIEW
ML00149 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a Gas Piping
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Piping spoolAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
Gas piping. Aspect of a branching line 2" ND, lateral to a horizontal main pipe ND 8", welded using a weldolet. In the lower part of the branch there are no cracks.
61
VIEW
ML00149 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a Gas Piping
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Piping spoolAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Welded Joint
Aspect of the brach line viewed from the internal side of the main pipe, after cuting. It is possible to see that the pipe was perforated by a thermal cutting (looking the finishing aspect of the edge of the hole). The weldolet was welded only from the external side of the pipe.
62
VIEW
ML00149 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a Gas Piping
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Piping spoolAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Internal Surface

+13 more from this case →

ML00130 — Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded BoltsM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
The four bolts have fractured in the same position, close to the end, and the corrosion marks in the thread suggest that they have been tightened only a few fillets in a tapped hole. This condition could be responsible for overloading the fillets, relaxing the applied bolt preload, and intensifying cyclic stresses.
192
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
The corrosion marks in the thread surface indicate that the bolt was not properly tightened in the tapped hole. The length of thread engagement should be at least 1x of the bolt diameter, in this case 3/8".
170
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Macroscopic aspect of the bolt fracture. Part of it is flat from the bottom of the thread.
166
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Fracture
The head of the bolts presented the marks that indicated they were manufactured to meet ASTM A449 type 1 bolt, that is a medium strength low alloy steel, quenched and tempered.
148
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - At the Surface
Aspect of the fracture surface in low magnification, showing a flat aspect (associated to a fatigue fracture micromechanims) and a rough aspect (associated to a ductile fracture micromechanism).
167
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Fractography by SEMDf - General View

+12 more from this case →

ML00119 — Thermal Fatigue of a Marine BoilerM - Low Carbon SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - ShipCd - Thermal Fatigue
Macrography of the plate (thickness 22mm, in horizontal position) to tube (thickness 12.5 mm, in vertical position) welded joint. The half V groove was welded from the top (position inside the combustion chamber) in five weld beads, and with a small fillet welded from the water side (ouside of the tube). Average hardness of the plate is 180HV1 (1kg), of the tube is 150HV1 and of the weld is 190HV1. Maximum hardness of the tube HAZ is 165HV1 and plate HAZ is 195HV1.
219
VIEW
ML00119 / Feb.2018
Thermal Fatigue of a Marine Boiler
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - ShipCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Welded Joint
Micrography of the plate in a longitudinal section, presenting a typical ferritic pearlitic structure, banded. The plate is 22 mm thick.
182
VIEW
ML00119 / Feb.2018
Thermal Fatigue of a Marine Boiler
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - ShipCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Banded Structure
Micrography of the plate in a longitudinal section, presenting a typical ferritic pearlitic structure, banded.
165
VIEW
ML00119 / Feb.2018
Thermal Fatigue of a Marine Boiler
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - ShipCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
Micrographic detail of the ferritic pearlitic structure of the plate in the longitudinal section.
147
VIEW
ML00119 / Feb.2018
Thermal Fatigue of a Marine Boiler
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - ShipCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
Micrography of the weld metal in the center os the weld. Columnar grains (of the previous austenite) with primary ferrite in the grain boundaries; ferrite with aligned second phases and acicular ferrite, intragranular.
136
VIEW
ML00119 / Feb.2018
Thermal Fatigue of a Marine Boiler
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - ShipCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal

+16 more from this case →

View all 398 images in the Atlas →

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The location of the threaded fitting started leaking after less than five years in service. Although the corrosion rate was not high, the localized material loss in the threaded surface of the carbon steel flange allowed the connection leakage.
769
VIEW
ML00184 / Apr.2023
Dissimilar Steels in a Threaded Connection
M - Low Carbon SteelP - ForgingAp - OffshoreCd - Localized Dissolution
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Front wheel 17 x 7J of a passenger vehicle (identified as WHEEL 1) that broke during a car accident on a road.
1644
VIEW
ML00183 / Dec.2022
Ductile Behavior of an Aluminum Wheel
M - Aluminum Silicon MagnesiumP - CastingAp - AutomotiveCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Tool fixture 5" long, nominal diameter 2", presenting a recess 1/2" deep from two sides. The rupture occurred about 2" from the end of the rod. Scale in milimeters.
523
VIEW
ML00182 / Jul.2022
Brittle Fracture of a LAS Fixing Rod
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - StemAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Pinion of hypoid gearbox, assembled in a 1560-mm long shaft that operated during more than 60,000 hours, and removed from service due to unacceptable wear damage.
1028
VIEW
ML00181 / Apr.2022
Wear of a Carburized Hypoid Gear
M - Low Alloy for Thermochemical TreatmentP - Pinion-crown assemblyAp - ShipCd - Wear
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Aspect of the 3 1/2" diameter tube after the water leakage in high temperature.
962
VIEW
ML00180 / Mar.2022
Local Melting of Copper Cooling Tubes
M - Pure CopperP - Cooling TubeAp - SiderurgyCd - Overheating
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
2" drain line from the main 10" line. The leakage occurred at the margin of the weld, a short time after the introduction of the reinforced ribs to reduce vibration.
641
VIEW
ML00179 / Feb.2022
Hydrides in Titanium Weld
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - In Field WeldAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Field photoDf - General View
The drilling connector, 21" diameter, presented a crack at the margin of the weld in the forging side (left side of the weld in the figure).
744
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Macrography of the longitudinally seam weld of the 24" diameter tube, showing that it was welded from both sides and there is a segregation line in the center of the tube thickness.
737
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Seam
The titanium rotor blade of a flowmeter broke after two years in service in an acid environment, containing H2S.
339
VIEW
ML00176 / Nov.2021
Hydride Formation in a Titanium Blade
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - BladeAp - Oil and GasCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Aspect of the wire rope, 1 1/2" diameter, presenting regions of flattened areas at the surface of the outer wires. It is a 6 x 19 Seale construction, right regular lay.
552
VIEW
ML00175 / Aug.2021
Localized External Wear of a Wire Rope
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - Oil and GasCd - Wear
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
The carcass was manufactured using niobium stabilized plates, grade AISI 347, with circumferential welds, where the through wall cracks were detected.
300
VIEW
ML00174 / Jul.2021
Carburization of a 347 SS Welded Joint
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - EnergyCd - Carburization
Cm - Field photoDf - General View
Aged microstructure of the HP stainless steel, modified with 1%Nb, cast fitting, tubular, operating for 6 years in a furnace which design temperature is 1100°C. The material presented a network of primary carbides, white and grey, and an austenitic matrix with coalescing secondary precipitation. Some voids. The Vickers identation indicates a hardness value about 260HV 100g in the aged austenitic matrix.
491
VIEW
ML00173 / May.2021
Welding Cracks in an Aged HP Cast Fitting
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Cast FtittingAp - PetrochemicalCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Microhardness identations

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