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Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

116 images

TryO&G Well DrillingML00060corrosionOil and GasML00053brittle fractureUNSductile behaviorAISIfatigueDamagehydrogenHydrogenfractureembrittlementstress corrosion
Microstructure: Tempered Martensite Capture method: Optical Microscope Detail focus: Damage clear all
M

Material

79 classified

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P

Product

96 classified

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Ap

Application

37 classified

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C

Condition

84 classified

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Cm

Capture method

52 classified

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Df

Detail focus

208 classified

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116 images
Micrography presenting segregation bands (less etched) in a tempered martensitic microstructure.
81
VIEW
ML00182 / Jul.2022
Brittle Fracture of a LAS Fixing Rod
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - StemAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Segregated Regions
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe, at the external pipe surface, where there is a crack propagating from the corroded spot. The microstructure is tempered martensite and at the surface the pipe is slightly decarburized.
26
VIEW
ML00169 / Nov.2020
Drill Pipe Fracture in the Pipe Body
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Crack
Macrography of the longitudinal section of the valve body, at the cracked position, a little far from the actuator hole. The valve body is 40 mm thick at this position and it is possible to see that at this position only one region is welded in repair, close to the outer surface (top), and there is a crack, transverse to the thickness, that is difficult to see with this magnification and that is clearly the propagation in fatigue.
47
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Fatigue Crack
Micrography, as polished, of the socket in a section transverse to the fracture, showing the fracture in the top and secondary brittle cracks.
45
VIEW
ML00161 / Mar.2020
Brittle Fracture of a High Strength Socket
M - Medium Carbon Tool SteelP - ToolAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Secondary Cracks
Micrography of the longitudinal section of the pipe, at the thicker part of the fracture, showing several secondary cracks opened to the external side of the pipe. There are no problems in the material structure and the cracks are associated to large plastic deformation.
36
VIEW
ML00159 / Mar.2020
Collapse of a Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ductile Crack
Micrography of the nut in the longitudinal section, plastic deformation at the thread surface due to high local stresses, probably during assembling.
24
VIEW
ML00148 / Sep.2018
Brittle Fracture of a 420 SS Barrel Nut
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Barrel NutAp - LiftingCd - Heat Treatment Defect
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Plastic Deformation
Low magnification micrography of a stud longitudinal section in the first thread fillet adjacent to the fracture, presenting a large secondary crack without any deformation evidence. This reveals a brittle material behavior, although the hardness measured at the stud end revealed 33HRc, as should be expected by the material specification.
47
VIEW
ML00136 / Jun.2018
Hydrogen Cracks of Subsea Studs
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Secondary Cracks
Micrography of a longitudinal section, at the fillet that was tightened (to the end of the bolt) adjacent to the fracture. The cracking is typical of localized overloading, probably because it was only partially tightened in the tapped hole.
103
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Crack

More from these cases

ML00182 — Brittle Fracture of a LAS Fixing RodM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - StemAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Brittle Fracture
Micrographic detail of the segregated bands.
61
VIEW
ML00182 / Jul.2022
Brittle Fracture of a LAS Fixing Rod
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - StemAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Micro by OM, picric acid+FeCl3+H2O etchDf - Segregated Regions
Micrographic etch for revealing previous austenite grain boundaries, that shows the impurities.
54
VIEW
ML00182 / Jul.2022
Brittle Fracture of a LAS Fixing Rod
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - StemAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Micro by OM, picric acid+FeCl3+H2O etchDf - Segregated Regions
Micrography perpendicular to the fracture surface showing, in the secondary cracks, the intergranular morphology of the fracture.
33
VIEW
ML00182 / Jul.2022
Brittle Fracture of a LAS Fixing Rod
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - StemAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Intergranular Cracking
ML00169 — Drill Pipe Fracture in the Pipe BodyM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Micrographic detail of the crack from the corroded spot.
28
VIEW
ML00169 / Nov.2020
Drill Pipe Fracture in the Pipe Body
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Corrosion
ML00162 — Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld DefectsM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Micrography in low magnification, as polished, of the crack in the valve thickness, showing the straight aspect of the fatigue propagation.
24
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Fatigue Crack
Micrography, as polished, of the crack in the valve thickness, showing the straight aspect of the fatigue propagation.
22
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Fatigue Crack
Micrographic detail of the straight crack that propagated by a fatigue mechanism.
18
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Fatigue Crack
Micrography in low magnification of the straight crack in the valve thickness. The crack propagates without following any microstructural aspect. Fatigue is not influenced by microstructure, but by tensile stresses.
23
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Fatigue Crack
Micrographic detail of the fatigue cracking, straight and without microstructural influence.
25
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Fatigue Crack

+2 more from this case →

ML00161 — Brittle Fracture of a High Strength SocketM - Medium Carbon Tool SteelP - ToolAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Fracture
Micrographic details of cracks with brittle aspect (straight and multiple cracks).
42
VIEW
ML00161 / Mar.2020
Brittle Fracture of a High Strength Socket
M - Medium Carbon Tool SteelP - ToolAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Cracks
Micrography of the socket in a section transverse to the fracture, showing the fracture in the top and some secondary brittle cracks.
42
VIEW
ML00161 / Mar.2020
Brittle Fracture of a High Strength Socket
M - Medium Carbon Tool SteelP - ToolAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Secondary Cracks
Micrographic detail of a secondary crack transverse to the fracture (in the top), showing its appearance as multiple openings, straight and with intergranular and transgranular characteristics .
35
VIEW
ML00161 / Mar.2020
Brittle Fracture of a High Strength Socket
M - Medium Carbon Tool SteelP - ToolAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Brittle Cracks
Micrographic detail of a secondary crack transverse to the fracture (in the top), showing its transgranular appearance at this position.
34
VIEW
ML00161 / Mar.2020
Brittle Fracture of a High Strength Socket
M - Medium Carbon Tool SteelP - ToolAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Brittle Cracks
Micrographic details of cracks with brittle aspect (straight and multiple cracks).
2
VIEW
ML00161 / Mar.2020
Brittle Fracture of a High Strength Socket
M - Medium Carbon Tool SteelP - ToolAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Cracks
ML00159 — Collapse of a Drill PipeM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Micrographic detail of the secondary cracks opened to the external side of the pipe. The cracks are associated to large plastic deformation.
30
VIEW
ML00159 / Mar.2020
Collapse of a Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ductile Crack
Micrographic detail of the ductile secondary cracks in the pipe body, close to the fracture. The strong plastic deformation is associated to the compression stresses generated by the buckling.
27
VIEW
ML00159 / Mar.2020
Collapse of a Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Plastic Deformation
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe at the fracture position, in the thinner thickness. The diagonal line in the middle of the figure is the fracture surface and it is possible to identify that it was sheared with strong plastic deformation. The segregation bands (longitudinal lines) are deformed in the direction of the failure shearing, in a depth that is several milimeters deep in the pipe, from the fracture surface.
17
VIEW
ML00159 / Mar.2020
Collapse of a Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ductile Fracture
Micrographic detail of sheared pipe, showing strong plastic deformation at the fracture. All the structure is deformed in the direction of the failure shearing.
17
VIEW
ML00159 / Mar.2020
Collapse of a Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Plastic Deformation
ML00148 — Brittle Fracture of a 420 SS Barrel NutM - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Barrel NutAp - LiftingCd - Heat Treatment Defect
Micrographic detail of the nut in the longitudinal section, presenting cracks associated to the plastic deformation at the thread surface. These cracks were formed due to high local contact stresses.
19
VIEW
ML00148 / Sep.2018
Brittle Fracture of a 420 SS Barrel Nut
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Barrel NutAp - LiftingCd - Heat Treatment Defect
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Plastic Deformation
Micrographic detail of the nut in the longitudinal section, presenting cracks associated to the plastic deformation at the thread surface. These cracks were formed due to high local contact stresses.
17
VIEW
ML00148 / Sep.2018
Brittle Fracture of a 420 SS Barrel Nut
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Barrel NutAp - LiftingCd - Heat Treatment Defect
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Cracks
Micrography of the nut in the longitudinal section, transverse to the fracture (top of the image).
15
VIEW
ML00148 / Sep.2018
Brittle Fracture of a 420 SS Barrel Nut
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Barrel NutAp - LiftingCd - Heat Treatment Defect
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Fracture
Micrography transverse to the fracture (top of the image) showing no relationship with the bands.
15
VIEW
ML00148 / Sep.2018
Brittle Fracture of a 420 SS Barrel Nut
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Barrel NutAp - LiftingCd - Heat Treatment Defect
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Fracture
Micrographic detail of the fracture micromechanism showing no relationship with the bands and the intergranular morphology.
23
VIEW
ML00148 / Sep.2018
Brittle Fracture of a 420 SS Barrel Nut
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Barrel NutAp - LiftingCd - Heat Treatment Defect
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Intergranular Fracture
ML00136 — Hydrogen Cracks of Subsea StudsM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Low magnification micrography showing how the large secondary crack propagated in the thickness of the stud, with a branching aspect, different than the propagation close to the bottom of the thread fillet.
47
VIEW
ML00136 / Jun.2018
Hydrogen Cracks of Subsea Studs
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Secondary Cracks
Low magnification micrography of the bottom of the thread fillet, presenting secondary cracks, not yet opened.
43
VIEW
ML00136 / Jun.2018
Hydrogen Cracks of Subsea Studs
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Secondary Cracks
Low magnification micrography of another thread fillet, presenting secondary cracks from the bottom of the thread, not yet opened.
45
VIEW
ML00136 / Jun.2018
Hydrogen Cracks of Subsea Studs
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Crack
As polished micrography of the bottom of the thread fillet, where a cracking is still closed, showing the microscopical morphology of the cracking.
39
VIEW
ML00136 / Jun.2018
Hydrogen Cracks of Subsea Studs
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Cracking
As polished micrographical detail of the cracks at the bottom of the thread fillet. There are several small cracks some of them associated to longitudinal inclusions. There are some regions presenting small "pores".
40
VIEW
ML00136 / Jun.2018
Hydrogen Cracks of Subsea Studs
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Crack

+12 more from this case →

ML00130 — Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded BoltsM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Micrographic detail of the cracking adjacent to the fracture. It is a secondary cracking that was created by overloading and was propagating by fatigue.
90
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Crack

View all 116 images in the Atlas →

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The location of the threaded fitting started leaking after less than five years in service. Although the corrosion rate was not high, the localized material loss in the threaded surface of the carbon steel flange allowed the connection leakage.
769
VIEW
ML00184 / Apr.2023
Dissimilar Steels in a Threaded Connection
M - Low Carbon SteelP - ForgingAp - OffshoreCd - Localized Dissolution
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Front wheel 17 x 7J of a passenger vehicle (identified as WHEEL 1) that broke during a car accident on a road.
1644
VIEW
ML00183 / Dec.2022
Ductile Behavior of an Aluminum Wheel
M - Aluminum Silicon MagnesiumP - CastingAp - AutomotiveCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Tool fixture 5" long, nominal diameter 2", presenting a recess 1/2" deep from two sides. The rupture occurred about 2" from the end of the rod. Scale in milimeters.
523
VIEW
ML00182 / Jul.2022
Brittle Fracture of a LAS Fixing Rod
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - StemAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Pinion of hypoid gearbox, assembled in a 1560-mm long shaft that operated during more than 60,000 hours, and removed from service due to unacceptable wear damage.
1028
VIEW
ML00181 / Apr.2022
Wear of a Carburized Hypoid Gear
M - Low Alloy for Thermochemical TreatmentP - Pinion-crown assemblyAp - ShipCd - Wear
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Aspect of the 3 1/2" diameter tube after the water leakage in high temperature.
962
VIEW
ML00180 / Mar.2022
Local Melting of Copper Cooling Tubes
M - Pure CopperP - Cooling TubeAp - SiderurgyCd - Overheating
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
2" drain line from the main 10" line. The leakage occurred at the margin of the weld, a short time after the introduction of the reinforced ribs to reduce vibration.
641
VIEW
ML00179 / Feb.2022
Hydrides in Titanium Weld
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - In Field WeldAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Field photoDf - General View
The drilling connector, 21" diameter, presented a crack at the margin of the weld in the forging side (left side of the weld in the figure).
745
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Macrography of the longitudinally seam weld of the 24" diameter tube, showing that it was welded from both sides and there is a segregation line in the center of the tube thickness.
737
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Seam
The titanium rotor blade of a flowmeter broke after two years in service in an acid environment, containing H2S.
339
VIEW
ML00176 / Nov.2021
Hydride Formation in a Titanium Blade
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - BladeAp - Oil and GasCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Aspect of the wire rope, 1 1/2" diameter, presenting regions of flattened areas at the surface of the outer wires. It is a 6 x 19 Seale construction, right regular lay.
552
VIEW
ML00175 / Aug.2021
Localized External Wear of a Wire Rope
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - Oil and GasCd - Wear
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
The carcass was manufactured using niobium stabilized plates, grade AISI 347, with circumferential welds, where the through wall cracks were detected.
300
VIEW
ML00174 / Jul.2021
Carburization of a 347 SS Welded Joint
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - EnergyCd - Carburization
Cm - Field photoDf - General View
Aged microstructure of the HP stainless steel, modified with 1%Nb, cast fitting, tubular, operating for 6 years in a furnace which design temperature is 1100°C. The material presented a network of primary carbides, white and grey, and an austenitic matrix with coalescing secondary precipitation. Some voids. The Vickers identation indicates a hardness value about 260HV 100g in the aged austenitic matrix.
491
VIEW
ML00173 / May.2021
Welding Cracks in an Aged HP Cast Fitting
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Cast FtittingAp - PetrochemicalCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Microhardness identations

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