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Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

77 images

TryAlphaML00051corrosionAlpha & BetaML00003brittle fractureCopper Alloyductile behaviorFerrous AlloysfatigueShiphydrogenFPSOfractureembrittlementstress corrosion
Condition: Preferential Dissolution clear all
M

Material

79 classified

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P

Product

96 classified

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Ap

Application

37 classified

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C

Condition

84 classified

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Cm

Capture method

52 classified

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Df

Detail focus

208 classified

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Microstructure7
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77 images
Visual aspect of the internal side of the tube, after longitudinal cut, presenting the region of leakage. The tube, that is 1.6mm thick, presented several points of localized diissolution .
457
VIEW
ML00170 / Sep.2020
MIC in Aluminum Brass Tubes
M - Aluminum BrassP - Seamless tubeAp - MaritimeCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Surface AspectDf - Localized Thinning
Aspect of a transverse section of the 4" pipe showing the barnacles adhered to the internal pipe surface, and the leakage position (in the top of the figure). It is possible to see that the deposits are attached all throught the internal pipe perimeter but the damage is localized. The damage morphology suggests it is a crack, or a welding defect, but the microstructural analysis indicated that the damage is a galvanic effect at the autogenous seam weld.
1135
VIEW
ML00140 / May.2019
Preferential Corrosion of Pipe Seam Weld
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Longitudinal Section AspectDf - Localized Corrosion
Aspect of the CuZn platesheet where it is corroded (cooling medium side). The (hot) air cooler uses treated seawater as the cooling medium and the corroded regions are associated to the regions in the heat exchanger of higher temperatures, and the leakage occurred in regions of contact of the platesheet to cooper alloy tubes.
1167
VIEW
ML00125 / Mar.2018
Dezincification of a Cooler Tubesheet
M - BrassP - PlateAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Corrosion
Visual aspect from the external side of the 14"ND flange butt welded to a pipe, presenting a through wall crack about 5mm to 10mm from the butt welding.
925
VIEW
ML00002 / Jan.2018
Preferential Dissolution and Cracks in SDSS
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - PipingCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Through Wall Cracking

More from these cases

ML00170 — MIC in Aluminum Brass TubesM - Aluminum BrassP - Seamless tubeAp - MaritimeCd - Preferential Dissolution
Macrography of a transverse section of the tube close to the leakage point, evidencing a localized thinning from the internal side of the tube.
65
VIEW
ML00170 / Sep.2020
MIC in Aluminum Brass Tubes
M - Aluminum BrassP - Seamless tubeAp - MaritimeCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Localized Thinning
Visual aspect of the internal side of the tube, after longitudinal cut, presenting regions where the internal layer is fully stained.
55
VIEW
ML00170 / Sep.2020
MIC in Aluminum Brass Tubes
M - Aluminum BrassP - Seamless tubeAp - MaritimeCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Internal Surface
Detailed aspect, by a low magnification microscope, of the internal side of the tube, after longitudinal cut. The tube, that is 1.6mm thick, presented several points of localized corrosion leading to leaks.
46
VIEW
ML00170 / Sep.2020
MIC in Aluminum Brass Tubes
M - Aluminum BrassP - Seamless tubeAp - MaritimeCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Surface AspectDf - Localized Corrosion
Uniform granular microstructure of the aluminum brass, monophasic alpha.
44
VIEW
ML00170 / Sep.2020
MIC in Aluminum Brass Tubes
M - Aluminum BrassP - Seamless tubeAp - MaritimeCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - FeCl3+HCl+Ethanol Etched MicroDf - Alpha
Micrographic detail of the granular structure of the aluminum brass, monophasic alpha.
44
VIEW
ML00170 / Sep.2020
MIC in Aluminum Brass Tubes
M - Aluminum BrassP - Seamless tubeAp - MaritimeCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - FeCl3+HCl+Ethanol Etched MicroDf - Alpha

+10 more from this case →

ML00140 — Preferential Corrosion of Pipe Seam WeldM - Low Carbon SteelP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Micrography of the pipe transverse section presenting a granular microstructure.
147
VIEW
ML00140 / May.2019
Preferential Corrosion of Pipe Seam Weld
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Transverse Section
Micrography of the pipe transverse section presenting a predominatly ferritic-perlitic microstructure.
132
VIEW
ML00140 / May.2019
Preferential Corrosion of Pipe Seam Weld
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
Micrographic detail of the predominatly ferritic-perlitic microstructure. Pipe transverse section.
95
VIEW
ML00140 / May.2019
Preferential Corrosion of Pipe Seam Weld
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
Aspect of the 4" pipe that was in seawater service for 8 years and leaked in a longitudinal line that corresponds to the seam weld. The internal surface presented thick deposits. Although the pipe was cut with a thermal process, the analysis was conducted after mechanical cutting.
100
VIEW
ML00140 / May.2019
Preferential Corrosion of Pipe Seam Weld
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Detail of the transverse section of the 4" pipe at the longitudinal seam weld evidencing the leakage position. The damage appears as a through wall opening. The pipe thickness is 8 mm and there are no evidences of general corrosion (the SCH 80 corresponds to 8.6 mm) or pitting at the internal surface.
99
VIEW
ML00140 / May.2019
Preferential Corrosion of Pipe Seam Weld
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Leakage

+19 more from this case →

ML00125 — Dezincification of a Cooler TubesheetM - BrassP - PlateAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Micrography of a transverse section of the platesheet presenting a duplex structure, alpha (light yellow) and beta (orange) phases.
214
VIEW
ML00125 / Mar.2018
Dezincification of a Cooler Tubesheet
M - BrassP - PlateAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - FeCl3+HCl+Ethanol Etched MicroDf - Alpha and Beta
Aspect of the tubesheet after removal of the cooper alloy tubes and water cleaning. The corrosion is more intense in the regions of tube connection.
176
VIEW
ML00125 / Mar.2018
Dezincification of a Cooler Tubesheet
M - BrassP - PlateAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Surface AspectDf - Corrosion
Transverse section of the tubesheet, after removal of the tubes. The seawater sie is to the top of the figure. It is possible to see regions of localized corrosion close to the tube position and a red layer all through the plate surface.
182
VIEW
ML00125 / Mar.2018
Dezincification of a Cooler Tubesheet
M - BrassP - PlateAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Corrosion
Macrographic detail of the transverse section of the tubesheet at the cooper alloy tube position, after removal of the 5/8" tube. The red layer at the top of the plate (exposed to the cooling medium - treated seawater) is a region of selective corrosion, dezincification.
169
VIEW
ML00125 / Mar.2018
Dezincification of a Cooler Tubesheet
M - BrassP - PlateAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Corrosion
Macrographic detail of the transverse section of the tubesheet at the cooper alloy tube position, after removal of the 5/8" tube. The "layer" at the top of the plate (exposed to the cooling medium - treated seawater) is a region of selective corrosion, dezincification. It is possible to see that in the right side of the figure, where the cooper tube was positioned, the corrosion damage is deeper.
153
VIEW
ML00125 / Mar.2018
Dezincification of a Cooler Tubesheet
M - BrassP - PlateAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Dezincification

+13 more from this case →

ML00002 — Preferential Dissolution and Cracks in SDSSM - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - PipingCd - Preferential Dissolution
External surface aspect of the flange showing preferential dissolution, responsible for nucleation of the through wall cracking.
245
VIEW
ML00002 / Jan.2018
Preferential Dissolution and Cracks in SDSS
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - PipingCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Surface Aspect by SEMDf - Preferential Dissolution
Detail of the region at the flange external surface where the material is suffering the preferential corrosion.
177
VIEW
ML00002 / Jan.2018
Preferential Dissolution and Cracks in SDSS
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - PipingCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Surface Aspect by SEMDf - Preferential Dissolution
Macrography of a longitudinal section of the flange to pipe weld, cracked in the flange. Pipe thickness, measured, is 5 mm. Flange thickness at the welded region is 7.5 mm. The macro was etched using NaOH solution, electrolytic.
181
VIEW
ML00002 / Jan.2018
Preferential Dissolution and Cracks in SDSS
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - PipingCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MacroDf - Longitudinal Section
Macrography transverse to the circunferential weld, longitudinal to the piping, presenting the location, a little far from the welded joint margin, where the through wall cracking is positioned.
160
VIEW
ML00002 / Jan.2018
Preferential Dissolution and Cracks in SDSS
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - PipingCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Through Wall Cracking
Longitudinal section micrography at the cracked position, close to the external surface of the flange, showing cracks transverse to the thickness, associated to the microstructure.
147
VIEW
ML00002 / Jan.2018
Preferential Dissolution and Cracks in SDSS
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - PipingCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Cracks Transverse to the Surface

+11 more from this case →

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The location of the threaded fitting started leaking after less than five years in service. Although the corrosion rate was not high, the localized material loss in the threaded surface of the carbon steel flange allowed the connection leakage.
769
VIEW
ML00184 / Apr.2023
Dissimilar Steels in a Threaded Connection
M - Low Carbon SteelP - ForgingAp - OffshoreCd - Localized Dissolution
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Front wheel 17 x 7J of a passenger vehicle (identified as WHEEL 1) that broke during a car accident on a road.
1644
VIEW
ML00183 / Dec.2022
Ductile Behavior of an Aluminum Wheel
M - Aluminum Silicon MagnesiumP - CastingAp - AutomotiveCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Tool fixture 5" long, nominal diameter 2", presenting a recess 1/2" deep from two sides. The rupture occurred about 2" from the end of the rod. Scale in milimeters.
523
VIEW
ML00182 / Jul.2022
Brittle Fracture of a LAS Fixing Rod
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - StemAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Pinion of hypoid gearbox, assembled in a 1560-mm long shaft that operated during more than 60,000 hours, and removed from service due to unacceptable wear damage.
1028
VIEW
ML00181 / Apr.2022
Wear of a Carburized Hypoid Gear
M - Low Alloy for Thermochemical TreatmentP - Pinion-crown assemblyAp - ShipCd - Wear
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Aspect of the 3 1/2" diameter tube after the water leakage in high temperature.
962
VIEW
ML00180 / Mar.2022
Local Melting of Copper Cooling Tubes
M - Pure CopperP - Cooling TubeAp - SiderurgyCd - Overheating
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
2" drain line from the main 10" line. The leakage occurred at the margin of the weld, a short time after the introduction of the reinforced ribs to reduce vibration.
641
VIEW
ML00179 / Feb.2022
Hydrides in Titanium Weld
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - In Field WeldAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Field photoDf - General View
The drilling connector, 21" diameter, presented a crack at the margin of the weld in the forging side (left side of the weld in the figure).
744
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Macrography of the longitudinally seam weld of the 24" diameter tube, showing that it was welded from both sides and there is a segregation line in the center of the tube thickness.
737
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Seam
The titanium rotor blade of a flowmeter broke after two years in service in an acid environment, containing H2S.
339
VIEW
ML00176 / Nov.2021
Hydride Formation in a Titanium Blade
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - BladeAp - Oil and GasCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Aspect of the wire rope, 1 1/2" diameter, presenting regions of flattened areas at the surface of the outer wires. It is a 6 x 19 Seale construction, right regular lay.
552
VIEW
ML00175 / Aug.2021
Localized External Wear of a Wire Rope
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - Oil and GasCd - Wear
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
The carcass was manufactured using niobium stabilized plates, grade AISI 347, with circumferential welds, where the through wall cracks were detected.
300
VIEW
ML00174 / Jul.2021
Carburization of a 347 SS Welded Joint
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - EnergyCd - Carburization
Cm - Field photoDf - General View
Aged microstructure of the HP stainless steel, modified with 1%Nb, cast fitting, tubular, operating for 6 years in a furnace which design temperature is 1100°C. The material presented a network of primary carbides, white and grey, and an austenitic matrix with coalescing secondary precipitation. Some voids. The Vickers identation indicates a hardness value about 260HV 100g in the aged austenitic matrix.
491
VIEW
ML00173 / May.2021
Welding Cracks in an Aged HP Cast Fitting
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Cast FtittingAp - PetrochemicalCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Microhardness identations

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