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Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

156 images

TryAusteniteML00050corrosionGranularML00030brittle fractureOil and Gasductile behaviorShipfatigueFerrous AlloyshydrogenHigh Alloy Steelfractureembrittlementstress corrosion
Standard: ALLOY Capture method: Optical Microscope clear all
M

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79 classified

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P

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96 classified

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Ap

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37 classified

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C

Condition

84 classified

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Cm

Capture method

52 classified

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208 classified

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Microstructure21
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156 images
Micrography of the plate in a section, in the middle of the thickness. The aligned pitting is associated to the chemical etch of inclusions and second phases. The structure is granular but the grain boundaries do not appear at that magnification, originally 50x.
50
VIEW
ML00145 / Sep.2018
Impact of a .380 Winchester on 6061 T6 Plate
M - Aluminum Magnesium SiliconP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Pierced
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Aligned particles
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the sleeve, at the external surface where there are two layers of coating. The electrolytic etch evidenced the duplex stainless steel substrate (bottom of the figure) and the weave interface of the substrate and the first thermal spray layer, about 1 mm thick, in a stainless steel. The surface layer, of tugnsten carbide, about 0.2 mm thick, is black and not clearly visible in this figure.
50
VIEW
ML00147 / Aug.2018
WC Layer Detached from a Cast Lean Duplex
M - Lean Duplex Stainless SteelP - Centrifugal CastingAp - ShipCd - Lack of Sealing
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - External Surface
Micrography of the plate in a section, showing a martensitic structure in the middle of the thickness.
63
VIEW
ML00142 / Aug.2018
Impact of a .308 Winchester on AR500 Plate
M - Low Alloy Wear ResistantP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Non-Pierced
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Microstructure of the spring in a transverse section, presenting an aged martensitic structure.
96
VIEW
ML00137 / Mar.2021
Brittle Fracture of a 15-5 PH Valve Spring
M - Precipitation Hardened Stainless SteelP - SpringAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Optical micrography of the transverse section of the drill collar, in the center of the thickness, presenting an uniform, granular, fully austenitic microstructure.
76
VIEW
ML00135 / May.2018
MIC of a Non Magnetic Drilling Tool
M - High Mn Austenitic SteelP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Pitting Corrosion
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Transverse Section
Image by scanning electron microscopy of the metallurgically bonded interface of the internally cladded pipe. It is a longitudinal seam welded pipe, with substrate in low alloy steel X65 and clad plate in Alloy 625 (welded by a solid state process). The region is a detail in the side of the Ni alloy clad plate where a grain refinement has occurred probably due to recrystallization of a strain hardened region during later heat treatment. The microhardness of this region is a lot higher than the value obtained out of this region, in the clad plate.
904
VIEW
ML00133 / May.2018
Seam Welded Pipe Cladded with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Clad Interface
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe substrate, in low magnification, showing a uniform microstructure,
79
VIEW
ML00132 / May.2018
Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrography of the welded joint, at the root, presenting hot cracks. The imposed high energy in the root due to the ceramic backing support created a condition for cracking.
1100
VIEW
ML00118 / Jan.2018
Non qualified GMAW of Aluminum Plates
M - Aluminum Magnesium ManganeseP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - ShipCd - Non qualified
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Hot cracking

More from these cases

ML00145 — Impact of a .380 Winchester on 6061 T6 PlateM - Aluminum Magnesium SiliconP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Pierced
Micrography of the plate in a section, in the middle of the thickness, in a position where the plate was not affected by the shot. The microstructure is granular although the grain boundaries are not resolvable at this magnification. The black spots are localized corrosion in aligned particles.
49
VIEW
ML00145 / Sep.2018
Impact of a .380 Winchester on 6061 T6 Plate
M - Aluminum Magnesium SiliconP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Pierced
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Aligned particles
Micrographic detail of the plate in the middle of the thickness. At this magnification it is possible to see the grain boundaries and the black spots are localized etching in aligned particles.
43
VIEW
ML00145 / Sep.2018
Impact of a .380 Winchester on 6061 T6 Plate
M - Aluminum Magnesium SiliconP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Pierced
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Granular structure
Micrographic detail of the plate in the middle of the thickness. At this magnification it is possible to see the grain boundaries and the black spots are localized etching in aligned particles.
37
VIEW
ML00145 / Sep.2018
Impact of a .380 Winchester on 6061 T6 Plate
M - Aluminum Magnesium SiliconP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Pierced
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Granular structure
Micrography of the damaged plate at the side of the bullet impact, top of the figure. The perforated hole expulsed the material to the top and bottom directions. There are evidences of plastic deformation of the plate microstructure and the hardness level close to the hole increased from 123 HV to 131 HV (1kg)
17
VIEW
ML00145 / Sep.2018
Impact of a .380 Winchester on 6061 T6 Plate
M - Aluminum Magnesium SiliconP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Pierced
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Strain Hardened
Micrography of the damaged plate at the side of the bullet impact, top of the figure. The perforated hole expulsed the material to the top and bottom directions and the microstructure shows plastic deformation.
16
VIEW
ML00145 / Sep.2018
Impact of a .380 Winchester on 6061 T6 Plate
M - Aluminum Magnesium SiliconP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Pierced
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Plastic Deformation

+10 more from this case →

ML00147 — WC Layer Detached from a Cast Lean DuplexM - Lean Duplex Stainless SteelP - Centrifugal CastingAp - ShipCd - Lack of Sealing
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the sleeve close to the external surface, evidencing a tugnsten carbide thermal spray layer, thickness about 0.2 mm, at the sleeve outer diameter (OD), black due to the etch (top of the figure). This WC layer was deposited over a stainless steel layer disposed in several layers, non etched.
42
VIEW
ML00147 / Aug.2018
WC Layer Detached from a Cast Lean Duplex
M - Lean Duplex Stainless SteelP - Centrifugal CastingAp - ShipCd - Lack of Sealing
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Thermal Spray Layer
Micrographic detail of the interface between the two thermal spray layers, the first one in stainless steel (bottom of the figure) and the second one, at the surface,in tungsten carbide (top of the figure). The micrographic sample is etched and that is why the WC is dark (black) and the stainless steel is light (non etched).
41
VIEW
ML00147 / Aug.2018
WC Layer Detached from a Cast Lean Duplex
M - Lean Duplex Stainless SteelP - Centrifugal CastingAp - ShipCd - Lack of Sealing
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Thermal Spray Layer
Micrography of the longitudinal section of the sleeve, at the interface between the substrate and the first thermal spray layer. The substrate (bottom of the figure) shows a ferritic-austenitic microstructure and detrimental phases that look like sigma. The thermal spray layer (top of the figure) presents the non-etched stainless steel, disposed in layers, with oxides (gray) and voids (black). The substrate is deformed in a thin layer at the interface.
38
VIEW
ML00147 / Aug.2018
WC Layer Detached from a Cast Lean Duplex
M - Lean Duplex Stainless SteelP - Centrifugal CastingAp - ShipCd - Lack of Sealing
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Close to the External Surface
Micrographic detail of the interface between the substrate and the first thermal spray layer. The substrate (bottom of the figure) shows a ferritic-austenitic microstructure and detrimental phases that look like sigma at the delta and gamma interface. The thermal spray layer (top of the figure) presents the non-etched stainless steel, disposed in layers, with oxides (gray) and voids (black). The substrate is deformed in a thin layer at the interface.
34
VIEW
ML00147 / Aug.2018
WC Layer Detached from a Cast Lean Duplex
M - Lean Duplex Stainless SteelP - Centrifugal CastingAp - ShipCd - Lack of Sealing
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Sigma
Micrography of the longitudinal section of the cast sleeve in the middle of the thickness. The microstructure is coarse, austenitic ferritic.
34
VIEW
ML00147 / Aug.2018
WC Layer Detached from a Cast Lean Duplex
M - Lean Duplex Stainless SteelP - Centrifugal CastingAp - ShipCd - Lack of Sealing
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - In the Center of the Thickness

+12 more from this case →

ML00142 — Impact of a .308 Winchester on AR500 PlateM - Low Alloy Wear ResistantP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Non-Pierced
Micrographic detail of the plate in a section, showing a martensitic structure in the middle of the thickness.
56
VIEW
ML00142 / Aug.2018
Impact of a .308 Winchester on AR500 Plate
M - Low Alloy Wear ResistantP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Non-Pierced
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Micrographic detail of the high hardness martensitic structure. Uniform structure.
58
VIEW
ML00142 / Aug.2018
Impact of a .308 Winchester on AR500 Plate
M - Low Alloy Wear ResistantP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Non-Pierced
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Micrographic detail of the high hardness martensitic structure. Exactly in the middle of the plate it is possible to see some aligned inclusions.
60
VIEW
ML00142 / Aug.2018
Impact of a .308 Winchester on AR500 Plate
M - Low Alloy Wear ResistantP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Non-Pierced
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Micrography of the plate section, as polished, close to the surface that suffered the impact. No evidences of damage.
26
VIEW
ML00142 / Aug.2018
Impact of a .308 Winchester on AR500 Plate
M - Low Alloy Wear ResistantP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Non-Pierced
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - At the Surface
Micrography of the plate section, as polished, close to the surface that suffered the impact. At this magnification it is possible to see a deposit over the plate surface, but no evidences of damage in the plate.
25
VIEW
ML00142 / Aug.2018
Impact of a .308 Winchester on AR500 Plate
M - Low Alloy Wear ResistantP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Non-Pierced
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - At the Surface

+7 more from this case →

ML00137 — Brittle Fracture of a 15-5 PH Valve SpringM - Precipitation Hardened Stainless SteelP - SpringAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the spring indicating that under the deposits there are intergranular cracks initiating at the spring surface.
72
VIEW
ML00137 / Mar.2021
Brittle Fracture of a 15-5 PH Valve Spring
M - Precipitation Hardened Stainless SteelP - SpringAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Intergranular Cracking
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the spring indicating that under the deposits there are intergranular cracks initiating at the spring surface.
65
VIEW
ML00137 / Mar.2021
Brittle Fracture of a 15-5 PH Valve Spring
M - Precipitation Hardened Stainless SteelP - SpringAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Intergranular Cracking
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the spring indicating that under the deposits there are intergranular cracks initiating at the spring surface.
60
VIEW
ML00137 / Mar.2021
Brittle Fracture of a 15-5 PH Valve Spring
M - Precipitation Hardened Stainless SteelP - SpringAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Intergranular Cracking
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the spring indicating that under the deposits there are intergranular cracks initiating at the spring surface.
57
VIEW
ML00137 / Mar.2021
Brittle Fracture of a 15-5 PH Valve Spring
M - Precipitation Hardened Stainless SteelP - SpringAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Intergranular Cracking
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the spring indicating that under the deposits there are intergranular cracks initiating at the spring surface.
57
VIEW
ML00137 / Mar.2021
Brittle Fracture of a 15-5 PH Valve Spring
M - Precipitation Hardened Stainless SteelP - SpringAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Intergranular Cracking

+7 more from this case →

ML00135 — MIC of a Non Magnetic Drilling ToolM - High Mn Austenitic SteelP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Pitting Corrosion
Optical micrography of the transverse section of the drill collar, in the center of the thickness, presenting an uniform, granular, fully austenitic microstructure.
64
VIEW
ML00135 / May.2018
MIC of a Non Magnetic Drilling Tool
M - High Mn Austenitic SteelP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Pitting Corrosion
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Transverse Section
Micrographic detail of the transverse section of the drill collar, in the center of the thickness, presenting an uniform, granular, fully austenitic microstructure.
61
VIEW
ML00135 / May.2018
MIC of a Non Magnetic Drilling Tool
M - High Mn Austenitic SteelP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Pitting Corrosion
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Austenite
Optical micrography of the longitudinal section of the drill collar, in the center of the thickness, presenting slightly elongated grains of fully austenitic microstructure, cold worked. The material presented 38HRc hardness.
57
VIEW
ML00135 / May.2018
MIC of a Non Magnetic Drilling Tool
M - High Mn Austenitic SteelP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Pitting Corrosion
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Longitudinal Section
Optical micrography of the longitudinal section of the drill collar, in the center of the thickness, presenting slightly elongated grains of fully austenitic microstructure, cold worked.
62
VIEW
ML00135 / May.2018
MIC of a Non Magnetic Drilling Tool
M - High Mn Austenitic SteelP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Pitting Corrosion
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Longitudinal Section
Micrographic detail of the longitudinal section of the drill collar, in the center of the thickness, presenting slightly elongated grains of fully austenitic microstructure, cold worked.
59
VIEW
ML00135 / May.2018
MIC of a Non Magnetic Drilling Tool
M - High Mn Austenitic SteelP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Pitting Corrosion
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Austenite

+6 more from this case →

ML00133 — Seam Welded Pipe Cladded with Alloy 625M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe substrate, in low magnification, showing a uniform microstructure,
51
VIEW
ML00133 / May.2018
Seam Welded Pipe Cladded with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe substrate showing a uniform bainitic microstructure obtained by the pipe quenching and tempering,
48
VIEW
ML00133 / May.2018
Seam Welded Pipe Cladded with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the pipe substrate showing a uniform bainitic microstructure,
50
VIEW
ML00133 / May.2018
Seam Welded Pipe Cladded with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Bainite
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe at the interface with the clad plate, with Nital etch that reveals only the low alloy steel structure, to the left side of the image.
54
VIEW
ML00133 / May.2018
Seam Welded Pipe Cladded with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Clad Interface
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe at the interface with the clad plate, with Nital etch that reveals only the low alloy steel structure, to the left side of the image.
51
VIEW
ML00133 / May.2018
Seam Welded Pipe Cladded with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Clad Interface

+10 more from this case →

ML00132 — Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe substrate showing a uniform bainitic microstructure obtained by the pipe quenching and tempering,
72
VIEW
ML00132 / May.2018
Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the pipe substrate showing a uniform bainitic microstructure.
68
VIEW
ML00132 / May.2018
Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Bainite
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe at the overlay fusion line, with Nital etch that reveals only the low alloy steel structure, to the left side of the image.
66
VIEW
ML00132 / May.2018
Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Clad Interface
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe at the overlay fusion line, with Nital etch that reveals only the low alloy steel structure, to the left side of the image. Some decarburization of the low alloy steel substrate is evident since the microstructure is slightly different a little far from the interface.
66
VIEW
ML00132 / May.2018
Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Clad Interface
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the pipe at the interface with the clad plate, with Nital etch that reveals only the low alloy steel structure, to the left side of the image.
59
VIEW
ML00132 / May.2018
Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Clad Interface

+7 more from this case →

ML00118 — Non qualified GMAW of Aluminum PlatesM - Aluminum Magnesium ManganeseP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - ShipCd - Non qualified
Micrography of the welded joint, at the root, showing hot cracks with intergranular morphology.
146
VIEW
ML00118 / Jan.2018
Non qualified GMAW of Aluminum Plates
M - Aluminum Magnesium ManganeseP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - ShipCd - Non qualified
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Hot cracking
Micrographic detail of the welded joint, at the root, presenting hot cracks. The presence of these defects were responsible for reducing the material strenght (rupturing in lower strenght than the requirements) and ductility (cracking in bending tests).
116
VIEW
ML00118 / Jan.2018
Non qualified GMAW of Aluminum Plates
M - Aluminum Magnesium ManganeseP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - ShipCd - Non qualified
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Hot cracking
Low magnification micrography of the plate base metal, presenting granular structure not clearly identified and aligned particles.
88
VIEW
ML00118 / Jan.2018
Non qualified GMAW of Aluminum Plates
M - Aluminum Magnesium ManganeseP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - ShipCd - Non qualified
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrography of the plate base metal, presenting granular structure evidenced by the different shadows in the grains.
76
VIEW
ML00118 / Jan.2018
Non qualified GMAW of Aluminum Plates
M - Aluminum Magnesium ManganeseP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - ShipCd - Non qualified
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrographic detail of the aligned particles in the plate base metal. The grain boundaries are not clearly identified in this higher magnification.
73
VIEW
ML00118 / Jan.2018
Non qualified GMAW of Aluminum Plates
M - Aluminum Magnesium ManganeseP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - ShipCd - Non qualified
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal

+6 more from this case →

View all 156 images in the Atlas →

most recent

The location of the threaded fitting started leaking after less than five years in service. Although the corrosion rate was not high, the localized material loss in the threaded surface of the carbon steel flange allowed the connection leakage.
769
VIEW
ML00184 / Apr.2023
Dissimilar Steels in a Threaded Connection
M - Low Carbon SteelP - ForgingAp - OffshoreCd - Localized Dissolution
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Front wheel 17 x 7J of a passenger vehicle (identified as WHEEL 1) that broke during a car accident on a road.
1644
VIEW
ML00183 / Dec.2022
Ductile Behavior of an Aluminum Wheel
M - Aluminum Silicon MagnesiumP - CastingAp - AutomotiveCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Tool fixture 5" long, nominal diameter 2", presenting a recess 1/2" deep from two sides. The rupture occurred about 2" from the end of the rod. Scale in milimeters.
523
VIEW
ML00182 / Jul.2022
Brittle Fracture of a LAS Fixing Rod
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - StemAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Pinion of hypoid gearbox, assembled in a 1560-mm long shaft that operated during more than 60,000 hours, and removed from service due to unacceptable wear damage.
1028
VIEW
ML00181 / Apr.2022
Wear of a Carburized Hypoid Gear
M - Low Alloy for Thermochemical TreatmentP - Pinion-crown assemblyAp - ShipCd - Wear
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Aspect of the 3 1/2" diameter tube after the water leakage in high temperature.
962
VIEW
ML00180 / Mar.2022
Local Melting of Copper Cooling Tubes
M - Pure CopperP - Cooling TubeAp - SiderurgyCd - Overheating
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
2" drain line from the main 10" line. The leakage occurred at the margin of the weld, a short time after the introduction of the reinforced ribs to reduce vibration.
641
VIEW
ML00179 / Feb.2022
Hydrides in Titanium Weld
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - In Field WeldAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Field photoDf - General View
The drilling connector, 21" diameter, presented a crack at the margin of the weld in the forging side (left side of the weld in the figure).
744
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Macrography of the longitudinally seam weld of the 24" diameter tube, showing that it was welded from both sides and there is a segregation line in the center of the tube thickness.
737
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Seam
The titanium rotor blade of a flowmeter broke after two years in service in an acid environment, containing H2S.
339
VIEW
ML00176 / Nov.2021
Hydride Formation in a Titanium Blade
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - BladeAp - Oil and GasCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Aspect of the wire rope, 1 1/2" diameter, presenting regions of flattened areas at the surface of the outer wires. It is a 6 x 19 Seale construction, right regular lay.
552
VIEW
ML00175 / Aug.2021
Localized External Wear of a Wire Rope
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - Oil and GasCd - Wear
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
The carcass was manufactured using niobium stabilized plates, grade AISI 347, with circumferential welds, where the through wall cracks were detected.
300
VIEW
ML00174 / Jul.2021
Carburization of a 347 SS Welded Joint
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - EnergyCd - Carburization
Cm - Field photoDf - General View
Aged microstructure of the HP stainless steel, modified with 1%Nb, cast fitting, tubular, operating for 6 years in a furnace which design temperature is 1100°C. The material presented a network of primary carbides, white and grey, and an austenitic matrix with coalescing secondary precipitation. Some voids. The Vickers identation indicates a hardness value about 260HV 100g in the aged austenitic matrix.
491
VIEW
ML00173 / May.2021
Welding Cracks in an Aged HP Cast Fitting
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Cast FtittingAp - PetrochemicalCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Microhardness identations

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