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Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

64 images

TryChemical IndustryML00023corrosionOil and GasML00117brittle fractureFinished Productductile behaviorRaw MaterialfatigueFerrous AlloyshydrogenHigh Alloy Steelfractureembrittlementstress corrosion
Condition: Damage Microstructure: Austenite Detail focus: Microstructure clear all
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C

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Cm

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64 images
Detailed microstructure of the plate base metal, exposed to high temperature exhausting gases. Refined austenite, precipitation of carbides in the grain boumdaries and some cracks.
23
VIEW
ML00174 / Jul.2021
Carburization of a 347 SS Welded Joint
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - EnergyCd - Carburization
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Austenite
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the stub end showing a refined austenitic structure.
57
VIEW
ML00168 / Aug.2020
SCC of Austenitic SS Flange Stub End
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Stub EndAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Stress Corrosion
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Austenite
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the tubing, showing the austenitic structure free from strain hardening and free from grain boundary carbides.
51
VIEW
ML00167 / Aug.2020
Fatigue of a Flared Tubing Connection
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - TubingAp - EngineCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Austenite
SAMPLE 1 AT THE FRACTURE - Micrography at the position where the thickness is reduced to zero. Side A to the bottom. The microstructure is austenite with intergranular and transgranular precipitation. The position of the zero thickness presents aspect of an intergranular fracture, and in side A there are several intergranular cracks from the surface.
83
VIEW
ML00160 / Apr.2020
High Temperature Degradation of 310SS
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rectangular TubeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Scaling
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Austenitic with Secondary Precipitation
Low magnification micrography, by optical microscope, of the longitudinal section of a damaged bolt, in the center of the thickness. The microstructure is austenitic, free from carbides.
100
VIEW
ML00157 / Feb.2020
Bolts Under Chloride SCC Conditions
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - BoltAp - Oil and GasCd - Stress Corrosion
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Austenite
Micrographic detail of the transverse section of the drill collar, in the center of the thickness, presenting an uniform, granular, fully austenitic microstructure.
61
VIEW
ML00135 / May.2018
MIC of a Non Magnetic Drilling Tool
M - High Mn Austenitic SteelP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Pitting Corrosion
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Austenite
Micrography of the case, observed in the center of the thickness, showing an equiaxial granular austenitic microstructure, free from carbides. The structure is typical of a 316 SS, in a solution annealed condition.
176
VIEW
ML00122 / Feb.2018
Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - CaseAp - Oil and GasCd - Crevice
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Austenite
Nitronic 60 cylinder. Micrography of the longitudinal section in the center of the thickness, presenting a fully austenitic microstructure, equiaxial grains, and evidences of the manufacturing process by hot forming.
179
VIEW
ML00121 / Feb.2018
Pitting Corrosion in a Subsea System
M - Austenitic / MartensiticP - Rod & CylinderAp - SubseaCd - Pitting Corrosion
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Austenite

More from these cases

ML00174 — Carburization of a 347 SS Welded JointM - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - EnergyCd - Carburization
Detailed microstructure of the weld metal, exposed to high temperature exhausting gases. Austeno-ferritic structure and some cracks.
21
VIEW
ML00174 / Jul.2021
Carburization of a 347 SS Welded Joint
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - EnergyCd - Carburization
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Ferrite and Austenite
Microstructure of the heat affected zone (weld metal to the left side), exposed to high temperature exhausting gases. Large austenitic grain size and intergranular cracks fully opened and filled with oxides.
21
VIEW
ML00174 / Jul.2021
Carburization of a 347 SS Welded Joint
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - EnergyCd - Carburization
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Coarse Structure
ML00168 — SCC of Austenitic SS Flange Stub EndM - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Stub EndAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Stress Corrosion
Micrographic detail of the austenitic structure. Free from grain boundaries carbide precipitation.
54
VIEW
ML00168 / Aug.2020
SCC of Austenitic SS Flange Stub End
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Stub EndAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Stress Corrosion
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Austenite
ML00167 — Fatigue of a Flared Tubing ConnectionM - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - TubingAp - EngineCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Micrographic detail of the austenitic structure, free from strain hardening and free from grain boundary carbides.
54
VIEW
ML00167 / Aug.2020
Fatigue of a Flared Tubing Connection
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - TubingAp - EngineCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Austenite
ML00160 — High Temperature Degradation of 310SSM - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rectangular TubeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Scaling
SAMPLE 1 AT 1 mm THICKNESS - Micrography in the center of the thickness. The microstructure is austenitic with secondary precipitation, intergranular and intragranular.
76
VIEW
ML00160 / Apr.2020
High Temperature Degradation of 310SS
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rectangular TubeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Scaling
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Austenitic with Secondary Precipitation
SAMPLE 1 AT 1 mm THICKNESS - Micrographic detail of the austenite with secondary precipitation. This oxalic acid electrolytic etch is revealing the integranular and transgranular (or intragranular) precipitation. In the grain boundaries it is possible to see: 1) a continuous network of carbide precipitation and 2) isolated islands of sigma phase. In the middle of the grains there are rounded and neddles like carbides.
72
VIEW
ML00160 / Apr.2020
High Temperature Degradation of 310SS
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rectangular TubeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Scaling
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Austenitic with Secondary Precipitation
SAMPLE 2 AT 2 mm THICKNESS - Micrography in the center of the thickness. The microstructure is austenitic with secondary precipitation, intergranular and intragranular. There are no variations in the microstructure comparing to sample 1.
48
VIEW
ML00160 / Apr.2020
High Temperature Degradation of 310SS
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rectangular TubeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Scaling
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Secondary Precipitation
SAMPLE 2 AT 2 mm THICKNESS - Micrographic detail of the austenite with secondary precipitation. This oxalic acid electrolytic etch is revealing the integranular and transgranular (or intragranular) precipitation. In the grain boundaries it is possible to see: 1) a continuous network of carbide precipitation and 2) isolated islands of sigma phase. In the middle of the grains there are rounded and neddles like carbides. There are no variations in the microstructure comparing to sample 1.
43
VIEW
ML00160 / Apr.2020
High Temperature Degradation of 310SS
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rectangular TubeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Scaling
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Intergranular Precipitation
SAMPLE 3 AT 4 mm THICKNESS - Micrography in the center of the thickness. The microstructure is austenitic with secondary intergranular and intragranular precipitation, but this micrography was obtained in the longitudinal section, presenting the plate alignment and was etched with NaOH, adopted to colour the sigma phase.
45
VIEW
ML00160 / Apr.2020
High Temperature Degradation of 310SS
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rectangular TubeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Scaling
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Austenitic with Secondary Precipitation

+4 more from this case →

ML00157 — Bolts Under Chloride SCC ConditionsM - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - BoltAp - Oil and GasCd - Stress Corrosion
Micrography, by optical microscope, of the longitudinal section of a damaged bolt, in the center of the thickness. The microstructure is austenitic, free from carbides, strain hardened. The hardness values of the material are from 200HV1 to 300HV1, that meets the class 2 of strenght (ASTM A193 B8M class 2).
79
VIEW
ML00157 / Feb.2020
Bolts Under Chloride SCC Conditions
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - BoltAp - Oil and GasCd - Stress Corrosion
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Strain Hardened
Detail of the strain hardened austenitic microstructure. Micrography by optical microscope, of the longitudinal section of a bolt, in the center of the thickness.
76
VIEW
ML00157 / Feb.2020
Bolts Under Chloride SCC Conditions
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - BoltAp - Oil and GasCd - Stress Corrosion
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Strain Hardened
ML00135 — MIC of a Non Magnetic Drilling ToolM - High Mn Austenitic SteelP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Pitting Corrosion
Micrographic detail of the longitudinal section of the drill collar, in the center of the thickness, presenting slightly elongated grains of fully austenitic microstructure, cold worked.
59
VIEW
ML00135 / May.2018
MIC of a Non Magnetic Drilling Tool
M - High Mn Austenitic SteelP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Pitting Corrosion
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Austenite
ML00122 — Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea SystemM - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - CaseAp - Oil and GasCd - Crevice
Micrographic detail of the fully austenitic granular structure of the case, in the center of the thickness.
158
VIEW
ML00122 / Feb.2018
Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - CaseAp - Oil and GasCd - Crevice
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Austenite
ML00121 — Pitting Corrosion in a Subsea SystemM - Austenitic / MartensiticP - Rod & CylinderAp - SubseaCd - Pitting Corrosion
Nitronic 60 cylinder. Micrography of the longitudinal section in the center of the thickness, presenting a fully austenitic microstructure, with some aligned non metallic inclusions.
157
VIEW
ML00121 / Feb.2018
Pitting Corrosion in a Subsea System
M - Austenitic / MartensiticP - Rod & CylinderAp - SubseaCd - Pitting Corrosion
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Austenite
Nitronic 60 cylinder. Micrographic detail of the longitudinal section in the center of the thickness, presenting a fully austenitic microstructure, equiaxial grains, typical of a solution annealed condition.
136
VIEW
ML00121 / Feb.2018
Pitting Corrosion in a Subsea System
M - Austenitic / MartensiticP - Rod & CylinderAp - SubseaCd - Pitting Corrosion
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Austenite
Nitronic 60 cylinder. Micrography of the longitudinal section close to the surface, presenting a fully austenitic microstructure, with a shadow close to the external surface that is associated to a small layer of strain hardened structure (deformation twins).
133
VIEW
ML00121 / Feb.2018
Pitting Corrosion in a Subsea System
M - Austenitic / MartensiticP - Rod & CylinderAp - SubseaCd - Pitting Corrosion
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Strain Hardened
Nitronic 60 cylinder. Micrography of the longitudinal section close to the surface, presenting a fully austenitic microstructure, with a 0.15mm layer of strain hardened structure (deformation twins).
120
VIEW
ML00121 / Feb.2018
Pitting Corrosion in a Subsea System
M - Austenitic / MartensiticP - Rod & CylinderAp - SubseaCd - Pitting Corrosion
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Strain Hardened
Nitronic 60 cylinder. Micrographic detail of the longitudinal section close to the surface, presenting a fully austenitic microstructure, with a layer of strain hardened structure (deformation twins).
113
VIEW
ML00121 / Feb.2018
Pitting Corrosion in a Subsea System
M - Austenitic / MartensiticP - Rod & CylinderAp - SubseaCd - Pitting Corrosion
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Strain Hardened

+3 more from this case →

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The location of the threaded fitting started leaking after less than five years in service. Although the corrosion rate was not high, the localized material loss in the threaded surface of the carbon steel flange allowed the connection leakage.
769
VIEW
ML00184 / Apr.2023
Dissimilar Steels in a Threaded Connection
M - Low Carbon SteelP - ForgingAp - OffshoreCd - Localized Dissolution
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Front wheel 17 x 7J of a passenger vehicle (identified as WHEEL 1) that broke during a car accident on a road.
1644
VIEW
ML00183 / Dec.2022
Ductile Behavior of an Aluminum Wheel
M - Aluminum Silicon MagnesiumP - CastingAp - AutomotiveCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Tool fixture 5" long, nominal diameter 2", presenting a recess 1/2" deep from two sides. The rupture occurred about 2" from the end of the rod. Scale in milimeters.
523
VIEW
ML00182 / Jul.2022
Brittle Fracture of a LAS Fixing Rod
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - StemAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Pinion of hypoid gearbox, assembled in a 1560-mm long shaft that operated during more than 60,000 hours, and removed from service due to unacceptable wear damage.
1028
VIEW
ML00181 / Apr.2022
Wear of a Carburized Hypoid Gear
M - Low Alloy for Thermochemical TreatmentP - Pinion-crown assemblyAp - ShipCd - Wear
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Aspect of the 3 1/2" diameter tube after the water leakage in high temperature.
962
VIEW
ML00180 / Mar.2022
Local Melting of Copper Cooling Tubes
M - Pure CopperP - Cooling TubeAp - SiderurgyCd - Overheating
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
2" drain line from the main 10" line. The leakage occurred at the margin of the weld, a short time after the introduction of the reinforced ribs to reduce vibration.
641
VIEW
ML00179 / Feb.2022
Hydrides in Titanium Weld
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - In Field WeldAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Field photoDf - General View
The drilling connector, 21" diameter, presented a crack at the margin of the weld in the forging side (left side of the weld in the figure).
745
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Macrography of the longitudinally seam weld of the 24" diameter tube, showing that it was welded from both sides and there is a segregation line in the center of the tube thickness.
737
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Seam
The titanium rotor blade of a flowmeter broke after two years in service in an acid environment, containing H2S.
339
VIEW
ML00176 / Nov.2021
Hydride Formation in a Titanium Blade
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - BladeAp - Oil and GasCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Aspect of the wire rope, 1 1/2" diameter, presenting regions of flattened areas at the surface of the outer wires. It is a 6 x 19 Seale construction, right regular lay.
552
VIEW
ML00175 / Aug.2021
Localized External Wear of a Wire Rope
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - Oil and GasCd - Wear
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
The carcass was manufactured using niobium stabilized plates, grade AISI 347, with circumferential welds, where the through wall cracks were detected.
301
VIEW
ML00174 / Jul.2021
Carburization of a 347 SS Welded Joint
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - EnergyCd - Carburization
Cm - Field photoDf - General View
Aged microstructure of the HP stainless steel, modified with 1%Nb, cast fitting, tubular, operating for 6 years in a furnace which design temperature is 1100°C. The material presented a network of primary carbides, white and grey, and an austenitic matrix with coalescing secondary precipitation. Some voids. The Vickers identation indicates a hardness value about 260HV 100g in the aged austenitic matrix.
492
VIEW
ML00173 / May.2021
Welding Cracks in an Aged HP Cast Fitting
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Cast FtittingAp - PetrochemicalCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Microhardness identations

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