Atlas

11 cases · 177 images

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Application: O&G Well Drilling Microstructure: Tempered Martensite clear all

Results

SortNewestOldestTitle A-ZTitle Z-A
The drilling connector, 21" diameter, presented a crack at the margin of the weld in the forging side (left side of the weld in the figure).
744
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Fracture position at the pipe body, about 1 meter from the tool joint end. The fracture presented two main aspects, a flat fracture transverse to the pipe axis, that propagated by fatigue through almost 50% of the pipe perimeter, and a final fracture by shear overloading.
560
VIEW
ML00169 / Nov.2020
Drill Pipe Fracture in the Pipe Body
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
General view of the cylindrical valve body, 6 5/8" nominal diameter, showing a transverse straight crack at the external surface.
406
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Crack
Lateral image of a collapsed API 5D grade S135 drill pipe, presenting the fractured region (bottom of the figure) at the pipe body. Although the pipe steel is of a high strenght, the fracture characteristic is ductile, evidencing strong plastic deformation.
545
VIEW
ML00159 / Mar.2020
Collapse of a Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Aspect of the bolt fracture surface by scanning electron microscopy, (SEM) presenting striations that indicate a FATIGUE micromechanism. The bolt is of a medium strength (class 8.8) low alloy steel, medium carbon, quenched and tempered.
1123
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Fractography by SEMDf - Fatigue Fracture
Micrography, as polished, of the transverse section of the forged pin with the layer applied by a (thermal) spray and fuse process. The structure of the layer that is 0.7 mm thick, presented entrapped pores and globular oxides. The layer was melted after application by thermal spray (in this case using a flame) and the pin was quenched and tempered after the full application and melting of the layer.
360
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Transverse Section
Micrography of the external surface of the tubular equipment, close to the fracture position (it is to the top of the figure), showing multiple cracks, typical of a corrosion fatigue mechanism.
861
VIEW
ML00082 / Dec.2017
Corrosion Fatigue of a Drilling Tool
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Multiple cracks
Aspect of the fracture surface of the pin, still assembled in the box (that is externally to the pin). The pin fracture is flat, presenting radial marks.
791
VIEW
ML00088 / Dec.2017
Hydrogen Cracking of an API 5D S135 Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Brittle Fracture

More from these cases

ML00178 — Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded ForgingM - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Circumferential weld aspect. Two passes in the cap. This forging to pipe welded joint, 22 mm thick, was welded by an automatic process in a narrow gap. The pipe is to the top of the image and the forging is to the bottom of the image.
165
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - External Surface
The dye check image shows the detected crack, 50 mm long, at the margin of the weld in the forging side.
137
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Aspect by NDTDf - Cracking
Macrography of the welded joint between the forging and the pipe, showing it was welded in a narrow gap, indicating by the arrow the location of the crack at the margin of the weld, in the forging side.
129
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Welded Joint
Quenched and tempered structure of the F22 steel forging, presenting about 230HV10 average hardness.
133
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Tempered martensitic structure for the F22 forging base metal.
129
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Tempered Martensite

+14 more from this case →

ML00169 — Drill Pipe Fracture in the Pipe BodyM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Pipe fracture, flat, at the region of subcritical crack growth.
68
VIEW
ML00169 / Nov.2020
Drill Pipe Fracture in the Pipe Body
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Fatigue Fracture
This figure presents the location of the fracture at about 1 meter from the tool joint pin side. Close to the fracture the pipe presented several circunferential scratches created by the fishing of the broken piece after the fracture.
58
VIEW
ML00169 / Nov.2020
Drill Pipe Fracture in the Pipe Body
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Fracture appearance in the side that was not damaged by the fishing, showing the two aspects of the fracture propagation, half by fatigue and half by shearing overloading.
48
VIEW
ML00169 / Nov.2020
Drill Pipe Fracture in the Pipe Body
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Fracture
Micrography presenting a uniform and refined tempered martensitic structure.
39
VIEW
ML00169 / Nov.2020
Drill Pipe Fracture in the Pipe Body
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Uniform Structure
Micrography presenting a uniform and refined tempered martensitic structure.
39
VIEW
ML00169 / Nov.2020
Drill Pipe Fracture in the Pipe Body
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite

+18 more from this case →

ML00162 — Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld DefectsM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
The valve body cylindrical diameter is 6 5/8" and the actuator hole in the body is about 2" diameter. The crack is associated to the hole edge, propagating transverse to the body.
71
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
The figure illustrates the position of the ball and seats, as well as the valve actuator. The crack is located at the edge of the actuator hole, transverse to the cylindrical body.
63
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Longitudinal Section
Penetrant test (dye check) image of the cracks at the surface of the actuator hole, viewed from inside of the body after the longitudinal cut. The aspect of the cracks at the hole, close to the internal side of the valve, is not the same as the aspect of the cracks at the external side (a straigth line), suggesting that the original cracks had propagated by fatigue through wall. The penetrant did not stained too much at the cracked area, indicating that the cracks are not too deep in this position, or are not fully opened to the surface.
62
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - Aspect by NDTDf - Crack
Magnetic particle test of the same cracks at the edge of the actuator hole, viewed from inside of the body. The cracks appeared more clearly with this test than with the penetrant test, suggesting that the cracks are not fully opened to the surface.
60
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - Aspect by NDTDf - Crack
Longitudinal section of the cylindrical body showing two pieces with the cracks, close to the position of the actuator hole. The valve body thickness is 40 mm at the location where the cracks appeared.
53
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - Longitudinal Section AspectDf - Crack

+30 more from this case →

ML00159 — Collapse of a Drill PipeM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Tempered martensite of the pipe body of this API 5D grade S135 drill pipe. The material presents, at this low magnification micrographic aspect, a slightly banded structure, usual for this type of drill pipe.
58
VIEW
ML00159 / Mar.2020
Collapse of a Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Banded Structure
Micrographic detail of the tempered martensite in the longitudinal section of the pipe body. Uniform structure.
44
VIEW
ML00159 / Mar.2020
Collapse of a Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Micrographic detail of the tempered martensite in the longitudinal section of the pipe body.
39
VIEW
ML00159 / Mar.2020
Collapse of a Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Macroscopic view of the fracture in the pipe body. In the bottom of the figure, the fracture of the pipe shows a thicker thickness, revealing that this is the pipe region that was first damaged by bending (buckling). In the top of the figure, the fracture shows a (ductile) shearing mechanism and the thickness is thinner, as will be better observed in the macrography.
39
VIEW
ML00159 / Mar.2020
Collapse of a Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Fracture
Macrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe at the fracture position, as ground, showing in the rigth side the thicker thickness and several secondary cracks opened to the external side of the pipe (created during bending), and in the left side the shearing mechanism and the thinner thickness.
39
VIEW
ML00159 / Mar.2020
Collapse of a Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Longitudinal Section AspectDf - Plastic Deformation

+10 more from this case →

ML00130 — Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded BoltsM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
The four bolts have fractured in the same position, close to the end, and the corrosion marks in the thread suggest that they have been tightened only a few fillets in a tapped hole. This condition could be responsible for overloading the fillets, relaxing the applied bolt preload, and intensifying cyclic stresses.
192
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
The corrosion marks in the thread surface indicate that the bolt was not properly tightened in the tapped hole. The length of thread engagement should be at least 1x of the bolt diameter, in this case 3/8".
170
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Macroscopic aspect of the bolt fracture. Part of it is flat from the bottom of the thread.
166
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Fracture
The head of the bolts presented the marks that indicated they were manufactured to meet ASTM A449 type 1 bolt, that is a medium strength low alloy steel, quenched and tempered.
148
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - At the Surface
Aspect of the fracture surface in low magnification, showing a flat aspect (associated to a fatigue fracture micromechanims) and a rough aspect (associated to a ductile fracture micromechanism).
167
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Fractography by SEMDf - General View

+12 more from this case →

ML00109 — Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged PinM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Micrography, as polished, of the transverse section of the forged pin with the layer applied by a (thermal) spray and fuse process. The layer was melted after thermal spray application and the layer presents a continuous matrix, but there are globular oxides and pores entrapped.
28
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Surface Layer
Micrographic detail, as polished, of the transverse section of the forged pin at the interface between the pin and the spray and fuse layer. The pin was heat treated after the thermal spray, and fuse treatment. The interface presents a higher concentration of globular oxides and pores, entrapped.
23
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Surface Layer
Low magnification micrography of the interface between the pin and the spray and fuse layer. Close to the surface, under the layer, the pin presents a quenched and tempered structure, compatible with a high strenght requirement. Transverse section.
20
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Surface Layer
Micrography of the pin close to the interface with the spray and fuse layer. Transverse section. The fuse is conducted in high temperature and the pin was quenched and tempered after the thermal spray deposition and fuse by flame (in this case the melting of the applied layer was conducted by a oxifuel flame.
21
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Micrographic detail of the tempered martensite structure close to the interface with the spray and fuse layer. Transverse section. The fuse is conducted in high temperature and the pin was heat treated after the thermal spray deposition and fuse.
15
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite

+3 more from this case →

ML00082 — Corrosion Fatigue of a Drilling ToolM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Drilling tool that broke close to the region of the male connector (pin end). The fracture is at the right side of the figure.
102
VIEW
ML00082 / Dec.2017
Corrosion Fatigue of a Drilling Tool
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Fracture
The fracture was removed from the failed part and analyzed separately. The aspect of the fracture surface is presented. It is flat, with regions of fatigue propagation and with regions of erosion by washout (to the right side of the figure).
80
VIEW
ML00082 / Dec.2017
Corrosion Fatigue of a Drilling Tool
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Fracture
Detail of the fracture surface presenting a fatigue propagation from the outside of the tool.
69
VIEW
ML00082 / Dec.2017
Corrosion Fatigue of a Drilling Tool
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Fatigue Fracture
Detail of the fracture surface presenting erosion by a washout, because the equipment was pressurized when the cracking became through wall.
63
VIEW
ML00082 / Dec.2017
Corrosion Fatigue of a Drilling Tool
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Washout
Micrographic aspect of the martensitic structure at the longitudinal section.
60
VIEW
ML00082 / Dec.2017
Corrosion Fatigue of a Drilling Tool
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite

+6 more from this case →

ML00088 — Hydrogen Cracking of an API 5D S135 Drill PipeM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Micrographic detail of the quenched and tempered martensitic structure of the pin tool joint.
83
VIEW
ML00088 / Dec.2017
Hydrogen Cracking of an API 5D S135 Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Macrography of the longitudinal section of the tool joint, assembled. The pin is still attached to the box end of the other drill pipe in the column, showing that the pin fractured in the region of external diameter transition (right side of the figure), where the box was probably touching the pin shoulder. Interesting to note that the inner diameter still presents a sound coating.
73
VIEW
ML00088 / Dec.2017
Hydrogen Cracking of an API 5D S135 Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Longitudinal Section AspectDf - Longitudinal Section
Visual aspect of the tool joint (TJ) that fractured in the pin body when it was assembled (the box appears as a sleeve in the pin OD). The internal coating is not damaged. The fracture is flat and presents little evidences of plastic deformation, indicating that the pin broke in a brittle way.
69
VIEW
ML00088 / Dec.2017
Hydrogen Cracking of an API 5D S135 Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Aspect by NDTDf - Brittle Fracture
Detail of the flat fracture surface of the pin, after disassembling from the TJ box. ID in the top and OD in the bottom of the figure. Radial marks are clear in the fracture surface.
57
VIEW
ML00088 / Dec.2017
Hydrogen Cracking of an API 5D S135 Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Fracture Surface AspectDf - Brittle Fracture
Fractographic analysis of the pin fracture surface showing inter and transgranular morphologies of fracture micromechanisms.
53
VIEW
ML00088 / Dec.2017
Hydrogen Cracking of an API 5D S135 Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Fractography by SEMDf - Brittle Fracture

+6 more from this case →