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ML00155 - Jan.2020

Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand

Micrography of a typical corroded wire, in a longitudinal section as polished, showing loss of thickness by corrosion. The loss of material is accelerated by the corrosion in "layers" associated to the strained microstructure.

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of a typical corroded , in a , showing loss of thickness by . The loss of material is accelerated by the in "layers" associated to the strained .
M

Material

High Carbon Steel
  • UNS G10700
Ds

Description

After several years in service in an urban atmosphere the rope presented multiple in the region that was exposed to the environment, out of the concrete. The analysis indicated that about 75% of the wires broke by a - mechanism and only 25% by . The lower loading capacity of the wires was generated by the wire thicknesses losses and by the corrosion-, indicating that the material preservation was not suitable.

C

Chemistry (% in weight)

Wire analysis

0.75C; 1.14Si; 0.82Mn; 0.020P; 0.018S; 0.02Cr; 0.04Ni.

Associated Images
Concrete steel strand general view, presenting fracture of several wires and a corroded aspect. The full part is composed by 19 strands, each strand using 7 wires, and each wire about 5 mm diameter.
834
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
General aspect of the degradated wires of the strand, most part presenting rust and rupture.
107
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
General aspect of the degradated wires of the strand, most part presenting rust and rupture. There are two mais aspects of the degradation: wire thickness reduction by corrosion and cracks creating a longitudinal fracture of several wires.
96
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Fracture
Micrography of a wire in a longitudinal section, presenting a predominantly oearlitic structure, highly strained. The wires did not present any coating.
104
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
Higher magnification detail of the predominantly pearlitic microstructure of the wire.
88
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Predominantly Pearlitic
Macrography of a typical corroded wire in a longitudinal section, showing loss of thickness by corrosion.
75
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Corrosion
Macrography of one wire that was fully cracked, in a longitudial section. The morphology shows multiple corrosion-fatigue cracking.
62
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Multiple cracks
Macrography of one wire that was overloaded, showing localized necking and large plastic deformation close to the fracture. This kind of fracture occurred for about 25% of the broken wires.
50
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Ductile Fracture
Micrography of a typical corroded wire, in a longitudinal section, showing loss of thickness by corrosion. The microstructure of the wire is predominantly pearlitic and the wire presents no coating, in any region.
54
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Corrosion
Micrography of a typical corroded wire, in a longitudinal section as polished, showing loss of thickness by corrosion. The loss of material is accelerated by the corrosion in "layers" associated to the strained microstructure.
43
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - As polishedDf - Corrosion
Micrography of a typical corrosion-fatigue mechanism, in a longitudinal section. The loss of material is accelerated a lot by the cracks through the thickness.
42
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Cracks
Micrography of a typical as polished corrosion-fatigue mechanism, in a longitudinal section. The loss of material is accelerated a lot by the cracks through the thickness.
43
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - As polishedDf - Cracks
Micrography of a typical overloaded wire, in a longitudinal section, showing plastic deformation and necking at the fracture. About 25% of the wires have ruptured by this ductile mechanism.
34
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ductile Fracture
Micrography of a typical as polished overloaded wire, in a longitudinal section, showing necking at the fracture and secondary ductile cracks. About 25% of the wires have ruptured by this ductile mechanism.
35
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Ductile Fracture
Macro view of individual strand wires emerging from the anchorage fitting, most surfaces covered in reddish-brown corrosion product and several wire ends showing fracture.
4
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Corrosion
Cross-section at the wire surface showing a deep corrosion pit with branching attack adjacent to the longitudinally drawn metal texture.
4
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Corrosion
Test
3
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - As polishedDf - Acicular Alpha
ushushushs ushush s shus
3
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Chromic Acid Electrolytic EtchedDf - Acicular Alpha
fadf asdf asdf
4
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - As polishedDf - Aligned particles
fasdf asfa sd
5
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Nital etched, OMDf - Austenite
fad asdf a
3
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Kalling etched, OMDf - Aligned particles
dddd
4
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - FeCl3+HCl+H2O Etched MicroDf - Bainite
Branching, web-like network of corrosion attack penetrating along grain boundaries through the matrix.
3
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Austenite
fasdfa fasdfasdf
3
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - As polishedDf - Acicular Ferrite
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
3
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Eletrolytically Etched Micrography by OMDf - Banded Pearlite
teste
3
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Glyceregia Etched Micrography by OMDf - Bainitic Martensitic
Cross-sectional view of a wire showing irregular corrosion pits penetrating inward from both surfaces.
4
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Corrosion
teste
3
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - FeCl3+HCl+H2O Etched MicroDf - Bainitic HAZ
Cross-sectional micrograph showing a branching, web-like network of oxidized corrosion product along interconnected grain boundaries.
4
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Eletrolytically Etched Micrography by OMDf - Coarse Structure
Dense, interconnected network of intergranular corrosion attack spreading through the matrix.
5
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - H2SO4+HNO3+H3PO4 Etched MicroDf - Clad Interface
Cross-sectional micrograph showing a branching, web-like network of oxidized corrosion product along interconnected grain boundaries.
3
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - FeCl3+HCl+Ethanol Etched MicroDf - Bainitic HAZ
Test...
4
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - As polishedDf - Acicular Alpha
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
4
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Corrosion
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
2
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Fracture
Macro view of the wire strand bundle showing heavy surface corrosion products and pitting along multiple wires.
3
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Corrosion
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
2
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Corrosion
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
2
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Corrosion
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
3
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Longitudinal Section
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
5
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Corrosion
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
3
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - As polishedDf - Corrosion
dfjg\flafhvm,b\,d
4
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Internal Surface
test
2
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - As polishedDf - Acicular Alpha