Welded Joint

7 cases · 95 images

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Application: Oil and Gas Capture method: Optical Microscope clear all

Welded Joint — sub-branches

Cladding 3Fabrication Weld 3Welded Testpiece for Qualification 1

Results

SortNewestOldestTitle A-ZTitle Z-A
Image by scanning electron microscopy of the metallurgically bonded interface of the internally cladded pipe. It is a longitudinal seam welded pipe, with substrate in low alloy steel X65 and clad plate in Alloy 625 (welded by a solid state process). The region is a detail in the side of the Ni alloy clad plate where a grain refinement has occurred probably due to recrystallization of a strain hardened region during later heat treatment. The microhardness of this region is a lot higher than the value obtained out of this region, in the clad plate.
904
VIEW
ML00133 / May.2018
Seam Welded Pipe Cladded with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Clad Interface
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe substrate, in low magnification, showing a uniform microstructure,
79
VIEW
ML00132 / May.2018
Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrographic detail of the weld metal with islands of a coarse ferritic structure, degradated (recristalized) from an acicular morphology during to the long heat treatment cycle in high temperature. The post welding heat treatment (PWHT) was conducted during 12 hours at 640°C.
700
VIEW
ML00129 / Apr.2018
Non qualified WPS for High Strength Steel
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - Oil and GasCd - Non qualified
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Coarse Structure
Micrography of the 4130 steel, normalized and tempered. The structure is sligthly banded (segregated) and the average hardness level is 20 HRc.
92
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
As polished micrography of the hydraulic line sample in the longitudinal section, close to the outer diameter, showing that the cracks are branched and thin, opened to the external surface.
58
VIEW
ML00095 / Sep.2017
MIC of a Riser Control Line
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Micrography by OMDf - Close to the External Surface
Micrography of the welded joint fusion line presenting the liquation cracking. The weld metal is in the right side (bottom) and the forged connector heat affected zone is in the left side (top).
83
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Cracking
Micrography of the pipe base metal presenting a refined duplex ferritic austenitc structure, banded.
47
VIEW
ML00049 / Apr.2017
Pipe to Flange Welded Joint in a 14" ND Superduplex Spool
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Piping spoolAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Duplex structure

More from these cases

ML00133 — Seam Welded Pipe Cladded with Alloy 625M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe substrate, in low magnification, showing a uniform microstructure,
51
VIEW
ML00133 / May.2018
Seam Welded Pipe Cladded with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe substrate showing a uniform bainitic microstructure obtained by the pipe quenching and tempering,
48
VIEW
ML00133 / May.2018
Seam Welded Pipe Cladded with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the pipe substrate showing a uniform bainitic microstructure,
50
VIEW
ML00133 / May.2018
Seam Welded Pipe Cladded with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Bainite
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe at the interface with the clad plate, with Nital etch that reveals only the low alloy steel structure, to the left side of the image.
55
VIEW
ML00133 / May.2018
Seam Welded Pipe Cladded with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Clad Interface
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe at the interface with the clad plate, with Nital etch that reveals only the low alloy steel structure, to the left side of the image.
51
VIEW
ML00133 / May.2018
Seam Welded Pipe Cladded with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Clad Interface

+10 more from this case →

ML00132 — Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe substrate showing a uniform bainitic microstructure obtained by the pipe quenching and tempering,
72
VIEW
ML00132 / May.2018
Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the pipe substrate showing a uniform bainitic microstructure.
68
VIEW
ML00132 / May.2018
Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Bainite
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe at the overlay fusion line, with Nital etch that reveals only the low alloy steel structure, to the left side of the image.
67
VIEW
ML00132 / May.2018
Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Clad Interface
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe at the overlay fusion line, with Nital etch that reveals only the low alloy steel structure, to the left side of the image. Some decarburization of the low alloy steel substrate is evident since the microstructure is slightly different a little far from the interface.
66
VIEW
ML00132 / May.2018
Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Clad Interface
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the pipe at the interface with the clad plate, with Nital etch that reveals only the low alloy steel structure, to the left side of the image.
59
VIEW
ML00132 / May.2018
Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Clad Interface

+7 more from this case →

ML00129 — Non qualified WPS for High Strength SteelM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - Oil and GasCd - Non qualified
Micrography of the weld metal, at the face, presenting regions of large ferritic grains. The acicular ferrite structure in the columnar (previous austenitic) grains has suffered degradation due to the long heat treatment cycle (12 hours) in high temperature.
97
VIEW
ML00129 / Apr.2018
Non qualified WPS for High Strength Steel
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - Oil and GasCd - Non qualified
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
Micrography of the weld metal, at the face, presenting regions of large ferritic grains. The acicular ferrite has suffered degradation due to the long heat treatment cycle (12 hours) in a temperature of 640°C, that is higher than the recommended for the D2 filler metal.
78
VIEW
ML00129 / Apr.2018
Non qualified WPS for High Strength Steel
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - Oil and GasCd - Non qualified
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
Micrography of the base metal, in low magnification, showing regions of segregations in a quenched and tempered martensitic structure.
52
VIEW
ML00129 / Apr.2018
Non qualified WPS for High Strength Steel
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - Oil and GasCd - Non qualified
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrography of the base metal showing a quenched and tempered martensitic structure. The base metal adopted in the test coupon presented a hardness level of 217HB (Brinell hardness of the certificate) and after the PWHT cycle the measured base metal hardness is 224 HV10.
59
VIEW
ML00129 / Apr.2018
Non qualified WPS for High Strength Steel
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - Oil and GasCd - Non qualified
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrographic detail of the base metal structure, quenched and tempered martensite. The base metal adopted in the test coupon presented a hardness level of 217HB (Brinell hardness of the certificate) and after the PWHT cycle the measured base metal hardness is 224 HV10.
51
VIEW
ML00129 / Apr.2018
Non qualified WPS for High Strength Steel
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - Oil and GasCd - Non qualified
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite

+12 more from this case →

ML00102 — AISI 4130 Forging Welded and OverlaidM - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Micrography of the 4130 steel, normalized and tempered. The microstructure is bainitic.
88
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrographic detail of the bainitic structure of the 4130 steel, normalized and tempered.
87
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Bainite
Micrography of the tubular 4130 forging at the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the Inconel overlay (white because it was not etched with the Nital). The structure is ferritic/bainitic because the overlay was conducted in two layers, and all the HAZ was reheated during welding.
66
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the tubular 4130 forging at the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the Inconel overlay (white because it was not etched with the Nital). The structure is ferritic/bainitic because the overlay was conducted in two layers, and all the HAZ was reheated during welding.
61
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrographic detail of the bainitic heat affected zone (HAZ) of 4130 forging at the Inconel overlay.
50
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Bainitic Ferrite

+6 more from this case →

ML00095 — MIC of a Riser Control LineM - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Base metal micrography in the longitudinal section, showing an austenitic granular structure. Ghost lines evidence the hot forming direction.
44
VIEW
ML00095 / Sep.2017
MIC of a Riser Control Line
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Austenite
Micrography of the longitudinal section of the line at the fusion line of the fitting, close to OD. It is possible to see that the base metal is austenitic and the weld metal is austeno-ferritic. In the center of the thickness the average hardness of the fitting is 250HV1 and the average hardness of the weld metal is 180HV1.
48
VIEW
ML00095 / Sep.2017
MIC of a Riser Control Line
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Fusion Line
Micrographic detail of the fusion line of the fitting, close to OD. Austenitic base metal and austeno-ferritic weld metal.
50
VIEW
ML00095 / Sep.2017
MIC of a Riser Control Line
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Fusion Line
Micrography of the longitudinal section of the hydraulic line sample at the cracking position, localized in the fitting and starting from the outer diameter (OD).
48
VIEW
ML00095 / Sep.2017
MIC of a Riser Control Line
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Branched Cracks
Micrographic detail of the branched cracks at the fitting, close to OD.
40
VIEW
ML00095 / Sep.2017
MIC of a Riser Control Line
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Branched Cracks
ML00072 — Liquation Cracks in a High Strength JointM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
The liquation crack is a hot crack in the base metal (at the HAZ) that induces a solidification crack in the weld metal.
66
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
Micrographic detail of the cracks at the fusion line of the welded joint, at the connector side. The cracking presents morphology of melting regions of impurities at grain boundaries of the large grains of the heat affected zone (HAZ).
57
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Fusion Line
The HAZ presents microcracks at previous austenite grain boundaries. These regions melted during welding and generated cracks associated to low melting temperature phases.
48
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Microcracks
The HAZ presents microcracks at previous austenite grain boundaries. These regions melted during welding and generated cracks associated to low melting temperature phases.
43
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Microcracks
Micrography of the AISI 4130 forging, 5/8" thickness, close to the welded region, in the longitudinal section.
42
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal Left Side

+7 more from this case →

ML00049 — Pipe to Flange Welded Joint in a 14" ND Superduplex SpoolM - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Piping spoolAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Micrographic detail of the pipe base metal presenting a refined duplex ferritic austenitc structure, banded.
55
VIEW
ML00049 / Apr.2017
Pipe to Flange Welded Joint in a 14" ND Superduplex Spool
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Piping spoolAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Base Metal
Micrographic detail of the pipe base metal presenting a refined duplex ferritic austenitc structure, banded.
56
VIEW
ML00049 / Apr.2017
Pipe to Flange Welded Joint in a 14" ND Superduplex Spool
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Piping spoolAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Duplex structure
Micrography of the flange base metal presenting a coarse duplex ferritic austenitc structure.
88
VIEW
ML00049 / Apr.2017
Pipe to Flange Welded Joint in a 14" ND Superduplex Spool
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Piping spoolAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Duplex structure
Micrographic detail of the flange base metal presenting a coarse duplex ferritic austenitc structure. Detrimental phases associated to the ferritic structure.
62
VIEW
ML00049 / Apr.2017
Pipe to Flange Welded Joint in a 14" ND Superduplex Spool
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Piping spoolAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Duplex structure
Micrography of the pipe heat affected zone. In the left the pipe base metal, with banded duplex structure; and in the right the weld metal, with Widmanstatten morphology of the structure.
43
VIEW
ML00049 / Apr.2017
Pipe to Flange Welded Joint in a 14" ND Superduplex Spool
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Piping spoolAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone

+11 more from this case →