Optical Microscope

10 cases · 32 images

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Microstructure: Ferritic Bainitic Detail focus: Microstructure clear all

Optical Microscope — sub-branches

Nital Etched Micrography by OM 32

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Micrographic detail of the valve body carbon steel thread, in the valley. Ferritic-bainitic structure.
69
VIEW
ML00184 / Apr.2023
Dissimilar Steels in a Threaded Connection
M - Low Carbon SteelP - ForgingAp - OffshoreCd - Localized Dissolution
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Bainitic Ferrite
BASE METAL SURFACE - The micrography (transverse to the tube) presents the ferritic/pearlitic/bainitic structure.
75
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Granular structure
The coarse structure in the center of the shaft thickness is evidenced by free ferrite islands at the previous austenite grains. The presence of a pearlitic structure evidences the slow cool of the material.
85
VIEW
ML00152 / Dec.2018
Low Alloy Steel Pump Shaft
M - High Strength Low AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Coarse Structure
Micrography of the pipe transverse section presenting a predominatly ferritic-perlitic microstructure.
132
VIEW
ML00140 / May.2019
Preferential Corrosion of Pipe Seam Weld
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
Micrographic detail of the bainitic structure of the 4130 steel, normalized and tempered.
87
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Bainite
Tempered martensitic microstructure in the transverse section of the nut, in the center. The material presented 29 HRc that is typical of a quenched and tempered steel.
30
VIEW
ML00099 / Jan.2018
Forging Defect in a Cadmium Plated Nut
M - Medium Carbon SteelP - NutAp - PipingCd - Fabrication Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Micrographic detail of the AISI 4130 forging, 5/8" thickness, close to the welded region, in the longitudinal section. Bainitic and tempered martensitic structure.
47
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Pin A micrography presenting a ferritic-perlitic structure.
463
VIEW
ML00048 / Apr.2017
Medium Carbon Steel Pins of Electrical Insulators
M - Medium Carbon SteelP - Forged PinAp - EnergyCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite

More from these cases

ML00177 — Cr-Mo Seam Welded TubeM - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
BASE METAL SURFACE - The microstructure of the base metal is ferritic/pearlitic/bainitic.
74
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Grain refined structure
HAZ SURFACE
55
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Bainitic HAZ
BASE METAL T/2
35
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Bainite
HAZ T/2
31
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Bainitic HAZ
HAZ ROOT
26
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Bainite

+1 more from this case →

ML00152 — Low Alloy Steel Pump ShaftM - High Strength Low AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
The longitudinal section of the shaft, at the surface, presenting only a small refining in the previous austenite grain boundaries than in the center, indicating that the material was slowed colled from forming and not heat treated.
67
VIEW
ML00152 / Dec.2018
Low Alloy Steel Pump Shaft
M - High Strength Low AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Coarse Structure
Micrographic detail of the pearlitic structure at the surface of the shaft thickness.
69
VIEW
ML00152 / Dec.2018
Low Alloy Steel Pump Shaft
M - High Strength Low AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Pearlite
ML00140 — Preferential Corrosion of Pipe Seam WeldM - Low Carbon SteelP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Micrographic detail of the predominatly ferritic-perlitic microstructure. Pipe transverse section.
95
VIEW
ML00140 / May.2019
Preferential Corrosion of Pipe Seam Weld
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
ML00102 — AISI 4130 Forging Welded and OverlaidM - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Micrographic detail of the bainitic heat affected zone (HAZ) of 4130 forging at the Inconel overlay.
50
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Bainitic Ferrite
Micrographic detail of the tempered martensitic structure of the tubular 4130 forging butt weld HAZ (at the face). The martensite was formed during welding, not reheated (because it was the last bead in that position), and tempered during PWHT.
42
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Micrographic detail of the ferritic/bainitic structure of the HAZ of the tubular 4130 forging, butt weld root. The structure is ferritic bainitic because of the multiple reheatings in high temperature.
40
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Bainitic Ferrite
ML00099 — Forging Defect in a Cadmium Plated NutM - Medium Carbon SteelP - NutAp - PipingCd - Fabrication Defect
Ferritic-bainitic microstructure in the transverse section of the nut, at the surface where the cadmium plate is also evident. The nut surface presents a decarburized layer and the lap entrapped oxides.
30
VIEW
ML00099 / Jan.2018
Forging Defect in a Cadmium Plated Nut
M - Medium Carbon SteelP - NutAp - PipingCd - Fabrication Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Bainitic Ferrite
ML00072 — Liquation Cracks in a High Strength JointM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Micrographic detail of the X65 pipe, 5/8" thickness, in the longitudinal section. The refined ferritic structure with bainitic bands is responsible for obtaining the 65 Ksi YS for a low carbon manganese ferritic structure.
48
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Banded Structure
ML00048 — Medium Carbon Steel Pins of Electrical InsulatorsM - Medium Carbon SteelP - Forged PinAp - EnergyCd - Typical manufacturing
Detail of Pin A microstructure. Ferritic-perlitic.
138
VIEW
ML00048 / Apr.2017
Medium Carbon Steel Pins of Electrical Insulators
M - Medium Carbon SteelP - Forged PinAp - EnergyCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
Pin B micrography presenting a ferritic-bainitic structure.
97
VIEW
ML00048 / Apr.2017
Medium Carbon Steel Pins of Electrical Insulators
M - Medium Carbon SteelP - Forged PinAp - EnergyCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Bainite
Detail of Pin B microstructure. Ferritic-bainitic.
87
VIEW
ML00048 / Apr.2017
Medium Carbon Steel Pins of Electrical Insulators
M - Medium Carbon SteelP - Forged PinAp - EnergyCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Bainite