As polished micrography

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Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

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SAMPLE 1 AT 1 mm THICKNESS - Micrography in low magnification in the center of the thickness, as polished. There are no regions of internal damage (like internal voids or cracks), indicating that the mechanism is only related to surface effects.
42
VIEW
ML00160 / Apr.2020
High Temperature Degradation of 310SS
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rectangular TubeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Scaling
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - In the Center of the Thickness
Micrography in low magnification, as polished, of the crack in the the repair weld metal, showing the dendritic aspect of the hot cracks, formed during welding due to the high content of impurities in a high strength weld metal.
26
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Hot cracking
Micrography, as polished, of the socket in a section transverse to the fracture, showing the fracture in the top and secondary brittle cracks.
45
VIEW
ML00161 / Mar.2020
Brittle Fracture of a High Strength Socket
M - Medium Carbon Tool SteelP - ToolAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Secondary Cracks
Micrography of a typical as polished overloaded wire, in a longitudinal section, showing necking at the fracture and secondary ductile cracks. About 25% of the wires have ruptured by this ductile mechanism.
35
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Ductile Fracture
Metallographic aspect of the polished surface of the (back of the) coaster, showing pores and shrinkages, typical of a casting structure.
49
VIEW
ML00156 / Jan.2020
Antique Silver Plated Decorative Piece
M - BrassP - Decorative PieceAp - OrnamentalCd - Non Destructive Examination
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Casting Structure
Micrography of a crankshaft longitudinal section at the shaft edge, in the as polished condition, presenting nodular graphite, well distruibuted.
139
VIEW
ML00154 / Jan.2019
High Strength Cast Iron Crankshaft
M - Nodular Cast IronP - CastingAp - EngineCd - Surface treatment
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - At the Surface
The micrography as polished in the transverse section shows a small amount of inclusions in the steel.
62
VIEW
ML00151 / Dec.2018
Ferritic Stainless Steel of a Flatware Fork
M - Ferritic Stainless SteelP - Foodstuff ArticleAp - KitchenCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Non Metallic Inclusions
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the sleeve, in a region where the two layers applied by thermal spray are sound, not detached. The grey layer (200 micros) is the tugnsten carbide; and the white layer (1000 microns) is a stainless steel. The substrate is white in the bottom of the figure.
24
VIEW
ML00147 / Aug.2018
WC Layer Detached from a Cast Lean Duplex
M - Lean Duplex Stainless SteelP - Centrifugal CastingAp - ShipCd - Lack of Sealing
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Thermal Spray Layer

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ML00160 — High Temperature Degradation of 310SSM - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rectangular TubeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Scaling
SAMPLE 3, CLOSE TO THE SURFACE OF SIDE A - Micrography, as polished, of the oxides at the process side. In this region there is an oxide layer, not continuous but with no localized penetrations.
43
VIEW
ML00160 / Apr.2020
High Temperature Degradation of 310SS
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rectangular TubeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Scaling
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - At the Surface
SAMPLE 3, CLOSE TO THE SURFACE OF SIDE B - Micrography, as polished, of the oxides at the electric furnace environment side. In this region the oxide layer is thinner than in the process side.
46
VIEW
ML00160 / Apr.2020
High Temperature Degradation of 310SS
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rectangular TubeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Scaling
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - At the Surface
SAMPLE 1, CLOSE TO THE SURFACE OF SIDE A - Micrography, as polished, of the oxides at the process side. In this region the oxide layer is penetrating into the austenitic grain boundaries, creating a crack like effect.
56
VIEW
ML00160 / Apr.2020
High Temperature Degradation of 310SS
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rectangular TubeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Scaling
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - At the Surface
SAMPLE 1, AT THE FRACTURE - Micrography, as polished, of the oxides at the fracture (zero thickness). In this region the oxide layer penetrated through thickness, intergranular, and fractured the material.
63
VIEW
ML00160 / Apr.2020
High Temperature Degradation of 310SS
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rectangular TubeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Scaling
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Intergranular Fracture
SAMPLE 1, AT THE FRACTURE - Micrographic detail, as polished, of the oxides that are penetrating in the austenitic grain boundaries. The oxidation created intergranular cracks in regions close to the edge of the rectangular tube, that are more susceptible to suffer cyclic thermal stresses, since the furnace is weekly turned off, during two days.
55
VIEW
ML00160 / Apr.2020
High Temperature Degradation of 310SS
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rectangular TubeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Scaling
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Intergranular Cracking
ML00162 — Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld DefectsM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Micrography, as polished, of the hot cracks with rounded morphology.
27
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Hot cracking
Micrographic detail, as polished, of the hot cracks with rounded interdenritic morphology.
26
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Hot cracking
Micrography in low magnification, as polished, of the crack in the valve thickness, showing the straight aspect of the fatigue propagation.
24
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Fatigue Crack
Micrography, as polished, of the crack in the valve thickness, showing the straight aspect of the fatigue propagation.
22
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Fatigue Crack
Micrographic detail of the straight crack that propagated by a fatigue mechanism.
18
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Fatigue Crack

+2 more from this case →

ML00161 — Brittle Fracture of a High Strength SocketM - Medium Carbon Tool SteelP - ToolAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Fracture
Micrographic details of cracks with brittle aspect (straight and multiple cracks).
42
VIEW
ML00161 / Mar.2020
Brittle Fracture of a High Strength Socket
M - Medium Carbon Tool SteelP - ToolAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Cracks
Micrographic details of cracks with brittle aspect (straight and multiple cracks).
2
VIEW
ML00161 / Mar.2020
Brittle Fracture of a High Strength Socket
M - Medium Carbon Tool SteelP - ToolAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Cracks
ML00155 — Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel StrandM - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Branching, web-like network of corrosion attack penetrating along grain boundaries through the matrix.
3
VIEW
ML00155 / Jan.2020
Failure of a Prestressed Concrete Steel Strand
M - High Carbon SteelP - Wire RopeAp - StructureCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Austenite
ML00156 — Antique Silver Plated Decorative PieceM - BrassP - Decorative PieceAp - OrnamentalCd - Non Destructive Examination
Same region of the previous image but is a higher magnification, showing the metallographic aspect of the polished surface of the (back of the) coaster. Shrinkage with a dendritic morphology typical of a casting structure.
48
VIEW
ML00156 / Jan.2020
Antique Silver Plated Decorative Piece
M - BrassP - Decorative PieceAp - OrnamentalCd - Non Destructive Examination
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Voids
ML00154 — High Strength Cast Iron CrankshaftM - Nodular Cast IronP - CastingAp - EngineCd - Surface treatment
As polished micrography of the crankshaft at the shaft edge, close to the surface. Graphite in nodules.
126
VIEW
ML00154 / Jan.2019
High Strength Cast Iron Crankshaft
M - Nodular Cast IronP - CastingAp - EngineCd - Surface treatment
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Graphite in Nodules
As polished micrographic detail of the graphite in nodules, close to the surface of the shaft edge, in a longitudinal section.
114
VIEW
ML00154 / Jan.2019
High Strength Cast Iron Crankshaft
M - Nodular Cast IronP - CastingAp - EngineCd - Surface treatment
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Graphite in Nodules
ML00151 — Ferritic Stainless Steel of a Flatware ForkM - Ferritic Stainless SteelP - Foodstuff ArticleAp - KitchenCd - Typical manufacturing
Detail of the non metallic inclusions in the steel. The yellow and black colours and morphologies suggest Ti base and oxides.
65
VIEW
ML00151 / Dec.2018
Ferritic Stainless Steel of a Flatware Fork
M - Ferritic Stainless SteelP - Foodstuff ArticleAp - KitchenCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Non Metallic Inclusions
ML00147 — WC Layer Detached from a Cast Lean DuplexM - Lean Duplex Stainless SteelP - Centrifugal CastingAp - ShipCd - Lack of Sealing
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the sleeve, in a region where the surface layer starts detachment. This grey layer is the tugnsten carbide; and the white layer (1000 microns) is a stainless steel. In this case the first TS layer is sound. The substrate is white in the bottom of the figure.
20
VIEW
ML00147 / Aug.2018
WC Layer Detached from a Cast Lean Duplex
M - Lean Duplex Stainless SteelP - Centrifugal CastingAp - ShipCd - Lack of Sealing
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Layer Detachment
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the sleeve, in a region where the surface layer was completely removed. In this position only the stainless steel layer is at the surface. That is why the sealing condition was lost. The substrate is white in the bottom of the figure.
19
VIEW
ML00147 / Aug.2018
WC Layer Detached from a Cast Lean Duplex
M - Lean Duplex Stainless SteelP - Centrifugal CastingAp - ShipCd - Lack of Sealing
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Layer Detachment
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the sleeve, in a region where the WC (tungsten carbibe) surface layer was degradated and partially removed.
17
VIEW
ML00147 / Aug.2018
WC Layer Detached from a Cast Lean Duplex
M - Lean Duplex Stainless SteelP - Centrifugal CastingAp - ShipCd - Lack of Sealing
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Layer Detachment
Micrographic detail of the WC (tungsten carbibe) surface layer, degradated and partially removed.
16
VIEW
ML00147 / Aug.2018
WC Layer Detached from a Cast Lean Duplex
M - Lean Duplex Stainless SteelP - Centrifugal CastingAp - ShipCd - Lack of Sealing
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Layer Detachment
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the sleeve, in a region where the surface layer was completely removed. In this position only the stainless steel layer, that is porous and full of oxides, is at the surface. That is why the sealing condition was lost.
17
VIEW
ML00147 / Aug.2018
WC Layer Detached from a Cast Lean Duplex
M - Lean Duplex Stainless SteelP - Centrifugal CastingAp - ShipCd - Lack of Sealing
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Thermal Spray Layer

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