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15 cases · 126 images

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Product: Pipe Condition: Damage Capture method: Optical Microscope clear all

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Micrography of the pipe transverse section presenting a granular microstructure.
147
VIEW
ML00140 / May.2019
Preferential Corrosion of Pipe Seam Weld
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Transverse Section
Micrography of a transverse section of the pipe, external diameter 33.4 mm schedule XXS, in the center of the 9.1 mm thickness. The structure is predominantly ferritic. Small amount of pearlite.
554
VIEW
ML00112 / Dec.2017
1" XXS Pipe Not Qualified For Low Temp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - RefineryCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Predominantly Ferritic
Micrography of a transverse section of the pipe, external diameter 26.7 mm, in the center of the 7.85mm thickness. Refined structure but not uniform. Ferrite and pearlite.
512
VIEW
ML00111 / Dec.2017
3/4" XXS Pipe Not Qualified for Low Temp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - RefineryCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
Micrography of the new tube close to a region of a casting defect (shrinkage), presenting only austenitic structure with a network of primary precipitates.
351
VIEW
ML00097 / Nov.2017
Cast SS Tube Removed From High Temperature Service
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Centrifugally Cast PipeAp - SiderurgyCd - High Temperature
Cm - Glyceregia Etched Micrography by OMDf - Austenitic with Primary Carbides
Micrography of the welded joint fusion line presenting the liquation cracking. The weld metal is in the right side (bottom) and the forged connector heat affected zone is in the left side (top).
83
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Cracking
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe (seamless), that shows the through wall cracking, straigth and not associated to any welded region or microstructural problem.
64
VIEW
ML00012 / Aug.2017
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a 316/316L SS
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - OffshoreCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Through Wall Cracking
Micrography of the pipe longitudinal base metal.
148
VIEW
ML00065 / May.2017
Erosion Corrosion of Monel Piping
M - NiCu AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Erosion Corrosion
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal Left Side
The microstructure of the pipe, presented in a longitudinal section, is an uniform tempered martensite.
105
VIEW
ML00068 / Sep.2020
Corrosion Fatigue of a 5" Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Seamless PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite

More from these cases

ML00140 — Preferential Corrosion of Pipe Seam WeldM - Low Carbon SteelP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Micrography of the pipe transverse section presenting a predominatly ferritic-perlitic microstructure.
132
VIEW
ML00140 / May.2019
Preferential Corrosion of Pipe Seam Weld
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
Micrographic detail of the predominatly ferritic-perlitic microstructure. Pipe transverse section.
95
VIEW
ML00140 / May.2019
Preferential Corrosion of Pipe Seam Weld
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
Micrography of the pipe in the leakage area, showing the preferential corrosion in the center of the autogenous weld and oxides inside the crevice, that appearas as a cracking but that is only a localized anodic process.
66
VIEW
ML00140 / May.2019
Preferential Corrosion of Pipe Seam Weld
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Localized Corrosion
Micrographic detail of the autogenous seam weld. The localized dissolution occurrs exactly at the weld metal that presents a bainitic structure of average hardness about 230HV, compared to the heat affected zone presenting average of 202 HV and the base metal presenting average of 180HV.
57
VIEW
ML00140 / May.2019
Preferential Corrosion of Pipe Seam Weld
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Localized Corrosion
Micrographic detail presenting the slighltly decarburized ferritic structure, with inclusions, in the center of the weld, surrounded by a bainitic structure and the preferential corrosion in the weld.
51
VIEW
ML00140 / May.2019
Preferential Corrosion of Pipe Seam Weld
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - ShipCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Localized Corrosion

+5 more from this case →

ML00112 — 1" XXS Pipe Not Qualified For Low TempM - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - RefineryCd - Not according to spec
Micrography of a transverse section of the pipe, close to the external surface (OD). The pipe presented a predominatly ferritic structure.
43
VIEW
ML00112 / Dec.2017
1" XXS Pipe Not Qualified For Low Temp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - RefineryCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Close to the External Surface
Micrography of a transverse section of the pipe, close to the external surface (OD). The pipe presented a 0.2 mm decarburized layer, fully ferritic.
35
VIEW
ML00112 / Dec.2017
1" XXS Pipe Not Qualified For Low Temp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - RefineryCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Close to the External Surface
Micrography of a transverse section of the pipe, close to the external surface (OD). The pipe presented a predominatly ferritic structure.
31
VIEW
ML00112 / Dec.2017
1" XXS Pipe Not Qualified For Low Temp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - RefineryCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Predominantly Ferritic
Micrography of a transverse section of the pipe, close to the internal surface (ID). The pipe presented a predominatly ferritic structure.
29
VIEW
ML00112 / Dec.2017
1" XXS Pipe Not Qualified For Low Temp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - RefineryCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Close to the Internal Surface
Micrography of a transverse section of the pipe, close to the internal surface (ID). The pipe presented a predominatly ferritic structure.
22
VIEW
ML00112 / Dec.2017
1" XXS Pipe Not Qualified For Low Temp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - RefineryCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Close to the Internal Surface

+2 more from this case →

ML00111 — 3/4" XXS Pipe Not Qualified for Low TempM - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - RefineryCd - Not according to spec
Micrography of a transverse section of the pipe, close to the internal surface (ID). Refined structure. Ferrite and pearlite.
64
VIEW
ML00111 / Dec.2017
3/4" XXS Pipe Not Qualified for Low Temp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - RefineryCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Close to the Internal Surface
Micrography of a transverse section of the pipe, close to the internal surface (ID). Refined structure, but not uniform. Ferrite and pearlite. The pearlite colonies appear in a network.
45
VIEW
ML00111 / Dec.2017
3/4" XXS Pipe Not Qualified for Low Temp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - RefineryCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Close to the Internal Surface
Micrography of a transverse section of the pipe, close to the internal surface (ID). Refined structure. Ferrite and pearlite. The structure is not uniform. There is a large variation in the ferritic grain size and the pearlite colonies appear forming a network.
39
VIEW
ML00111 / Dec.2017
3/4" XXS Pipe Not Qualified for Low Temp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - RefineryCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
Micrography of a transverse section of the pipe, close to the external surface (OD). Refined structure. Ferrite and pearlite.
33
VIEW
ML00111 / Dec.2017
3/4" XXS Pipe Not Qualified for Low Temp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - RefineryCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Close to the External Surface
Micrography of a transverse section of the pipe, close to the external surface (OD). Refined structure. Ferrite and pearlite.
34
VIEW
ML00111 / Dec.2017
3/4" XXS Pipe Not Qualified for Low Temp
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - RefineryCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Close to the External Surface

+2 more from this case →

ML00097 — Cast SS Tube Removed From High Temperature ServiceM - Heat Resistant SteelP - Centrifugally Cast PipeAp - SiderurgyCd - High Temperature
Micrography close to the external surface of a new tube, sound.
48
VIEW
ML00097 / Nov.2017
Cast SS Tube Removed From High Temperature Service
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Centrifugally Cast PipeAp - SiderurgyCd - High Temperature
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Close to the External Surface
Micrography close to the internal surface of a new tube, presenting casting defects.
47
VIEW
ML00097 / Nov.2017
Cast SS Tube Removed From High Temperature Service
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Centrifugally Cast PipeAp - SiderurgyCd - High Temperature
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Close to the Internal Surface
Micrography of the tube removed from service after 6 month, close to a region of a casting defect (shrinkage), presenting austenitic structure with a network of primary precipitates (initial stage of coarsening) and intragranular secondary precipitation.
48
VIEW
ML00097 / Nov.2017
Cast SS Tube Removed From High Temperature Service
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Centrifugally Cast PipeAp - SiderurgyCd - High Temperature
Cm - Glyceregia Etched Micrography by OMDf - Intragranular Secondary Precipitation
Micrography close to the internal surface of the tube removed from service after 6 month, presenting high temperature oxidation and shrinkage voids (casting defects).
32
VIEW
ML00097 / Nov.2017
Cast SS Tube Removed From High Temperature Service
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Centrifugally Cast PipeAp - SiderurgyCd - High Temperature
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Close to the Internal Surface
Micrography close to the external surface of the tube removed from service, damaged by high temperature oxidation.
25
VIEW
ML00097 / Nov.2017
Cast SS Tube Removed From High Temperature Service
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Centrifugally Cast PipeAp - SiderurgyCd - High Temperature
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Close to the External Surface
ML00072 — Liquation Cracks in a High Strength JointM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
The liquation crack is a hot crack in the base metal (at the HAZ) that induces a solidification crack in the weld metal.
66
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
Micrographic detail of the cracks at the fusion line of the welded joint, at the connector side. The cracking presents morphology of melting regions of impurities at grain boundaries of the large grains of the heat affected zone (HAZ).
57
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Fusion Line
The HAZ presents microcracks at previous austenite grain boundaries. These regions melted during welding and generated cracks associated to low melting temperature phases.
48
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Microcracks
The HAZ presents microcracks at previous austenite grain boundaries. These regions melted during welding and generated cracks associated to low melting temperature phases.
43
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Microcracks
Micrography of the AISI 4130 forging, 5/8" thickness, close to the welded region, in the longitudinal section.
42
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal Left Side

+7 more from this case →

ML00012 — Vibration Induced Fatigue in a 316/316L SSM - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - OffshoreCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Micrography of the pipe in a longitudinal section, close to the external surface, showing a pit (adjacent to the through wall cracking). The corrosion spt is not associated to any microstructural feature.
61
VIEW
ML00012 / Aug.2017
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a 316/316L SS
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - OffshoreCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Micrography by OMDf - Pitting
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe presenting a granular austenitic structure, typical of a solid solution annealing condition. No carbide precipitation.
62
VIEW
ML00012 / Aug.2017
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a 316/316L SS
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - OffshoreCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Austenite
ML00065 — Erosion Corrosion of Monel PipingM - NiCu AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Erosion Corrosion
Micrographic detail of the pipe base metal presenting a granular microstructure. Some inclusions are also visible.
142
VIEW
ML00065 / May.2017
Erosion Corrosion of Monel Piping
M - NiCu AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Erosion Corrosion
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal Left Side
Micrography of the elbow base metal. The comparison with the pipe micrography shows an important difference of thickness.
132
VIEW
ML00065 / May.2017
Erosion Corrosion of Monel Piping
M - NiCu AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Erosion Corrosion
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal Right Side
Elbow base metal micrographic detail presenting a granular microstructure. Like the pipe, the microstructure reveals inclusions.
106
VIEW
ML00065 / May.2017
Erosion Corrosion of Monel Piping
M - NiCu AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Erosion Corrosion
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal Right Side
Micrography of the pipe heat affected zone. The weld metal is on the right.
91
VIEW
ML00065 / May.2017
Erosion Corrosion of Monel Piping
M - NiCu AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Erosion Corrosion
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Fusion Line Left Side
Micrographic detail of the pipe fusion line. The pipe heat affected zone is at the bottom and the weld metal is at the top.
86
VIEW
ML00065 / May.2017
Erosion Corrosion of Monel Piping
M - NiCu AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Erosion Corrosion
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Fusion Line Left Side

+11 more from this case →

ML00068 — Corrosion Fatigue of a 5" Drill PipeM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Seamless PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
The micrography in the as polished condition of the longitudinal section of the pipe close to the washout, shows that at the tool mark tip (notch from the external surface) a fatigue crack already started from a corroded region (pitting).
187
VIEW
ML00068 / Sep.2020
Corrosion Fatigue of a 5" Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Seamless PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Micrography by OMDf - Pitting
Micrographic detail, in the as polished condition, of the corrosion fatigue crack.
90
VIEW
ML00068 / Sep.2020
Corrosion Fatigue of a 5" Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Seamless PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Micrography by OMDf - Fatigue Crack
The micrography of one of the (multiple) cracks shows the slightly irregular morphology of the cracking, typical of a corrosion-fatigue mechanism.
281
VIEW
ML00068 / Sep.2020
Corrosion Fatigue of a 5" Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Seamless PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Corrosion Cracking
Micrographic detail of the slightly irregular crack propagation, typical of a corrosion-fatigue mechanism.
76
VIEW
ML00068 / Sep.2020
Corrosion Fatigue of a 5" Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Seamless PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Corrosion Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Corrosion Cracking