ASTM

10 cases · 19 images

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Capture method: Kalling Etched Macro clear all

ASTM — sub-branches

A 80B 15F 1

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This macrography shows a longitudinal section of the tubular cast fitting. The external side is to the top and the internal side to the bottom. The buttering layer is evident in the groove that would be welded to the centrifugall cast tube (right side) and part of the ID and OD. During the buttering welding of the casting the cracks were not detected because they were formed in the center of the thickness and some have propagated to the internal diameter, but not to the external diameter. They opened only when the buttered casting was welded to the tube.
20
VIEW
ML00173 / May.2021
Welding Cracks in an Aged HP Cast Fitting
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Cast FtittingAp - PetrochemicalCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched MacroDf - Longitudinal Section
Macrography of the longidutinal section of a non broken allen bolt, at the threaded body to bolt head transition. The granular structure is different through the bolt, with refined structure in the threaded body and coarse at the transition.
44
VIEW
ML00139 / Jun.2018
Hydrogen Fracture of a 17-4 PH Allen Bolt
M - Precipitation Hardened Stainless SteelP - Allen BoltAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Kalling Etched MacroDf - Longitudinal Section
17-4 PH rod, tubular, OD 10.6mm, wall thickness about 3.5 mm. Macrography of the rod in a transverse section showing the pitting in a position where it is almost through wall.
86
VIEW
ML00121 / Feb.2018
Pitting Corrosion in a Subsea System
M - Austenitic / MartensiticP - Rod & CylinderAp - SubseaCd - Pitting Corrosion
Cm - Kalling Etched MacroDf - Pitting
The macrography shows the longitudinal section of the allen bolt, 1/2" nominal diameter, that was machined from a heat treated bar (solution annealed and aged). The granular structure presents differences in the grain sizes. At the bolt head (external surface of the original bar) the austenitic grain size is larger than in the center of the bar where the particles in segregated bands "arrested" the grains during hot forming and solution annealing.
58
VIEW
ML00089 / Sep.2017
Inconel 718 Allen Bolt for Subsea Application
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - Machined PartAp - SubseaCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Kalling Etched MacroDf - Machined Thread
Macrography of the welded joint upper part. Transverse section showing the different zones studied in this ML. See the schematic drawing in the next image.
454
VIEW
ML00045 / Aug.2017
Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SS
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched MacroDf - Welded Joint
Macrography of the pipe to fitting welded joint, in a region where the thickness loss is almost uniform. The pipe is in the left of the figure and the elbow is in the right, with a general thinning (average of 2 mm, considering that the original thickness was 3.7 mm), and a slightly more intense thickness loss at the weld metal near the elbow side.
183
VIEW
ML00065 / May.2017
Erosion Corrosion of Monel Piping
M - NiCu AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Erosion Corrosion
Cm - Kalling Etched MacroDf - Welded Joint
Macrography of a transverse section of the welded joint between the original casting and the inserted casting, in the side of the original part.
23
VIEW
ML00055 / Apr.2017
CA6NM Blade Remanufactured by Welding
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Remanufacture by WeldingAp - EnergyCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Kalling Etched MacroDf - Fusion Line Left Side
The macrography of a transverse section shows the carbon steel tube, externally cladded with stainless steel. The tube was removed from service where it was welded to other tubes to form a wall.
156
VIEW
ML00056 / May.2018
Seamless Tube Externally Cladded with SS
M - Carbon Steel / Stainless SteelP - CladdingAp - Pulp and PaperCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Kalling Etched MacroDf - Transverse Section

More from these cases

ML00173 — Welding Cracks in an Aged HP Cast FittingM - Heat Resistant SteelP - Cast FtittingAp - PetrochemicalCd - Welding
Macrographic detail close to the internal diameter (ID in the bottom), where the cracks were detected by dye check (after removal of the damaged part of the cast fitting). Close to the surface it is possible to see the layers of the weld metal that corresponds to the cast fitting buttering.
21
VIEW
ML00173 / May.2021
Welding Cracks in an Aged HP Cast Fitting
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Cast FtittingAp - PetrochemicalCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched MacroDf - Cracks
Welding Cracks in an Aged HP Cast Fitting
2
VIEW
ML00173 / May.2021
Welding Cracks in an Aged HP Cast Fitting
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Cast FtittingAp - PetrochemicalCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched MacroDf - Cracks
Welding Cracks in an Aged HP Cast Fitting
1
VIEW
ML00173 / May.2021
Welding Cracks in an Aged HP Cast Fitting
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Cast FtittingAp - PetrochemicalCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched MacroDf - Microhardness identations
ML00089 — Inconel 718 Allen Bolt for Subsea ApplicationM - NiCrFe AlloyP - Machined PartAp - SubseaCd - Typical manufacturing
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the bolt, in the center of the thickness (ND 1/2"). Although the material was hardened by heat treatment (solution annealing and aging), the microstructure observed by optical microscopy does not reveal the intragranular precipitation.
33
VIEW
ML00089 / Sep.2017
Inconel 718 Allen Bolt for Subsea Application
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - Machined PartAp - SubseaCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Kalling Etched MacroDf - Austenite
The micrography of a longitudinal section, at the bolt head close to the surface of the original bar. In this region the material increased the grain size due to the lack of particles (inclusions), to "arrest" the grain boundaries (during hot forming and solution annealing). The smaller grain size is located in the center of the bar, that concentrated the inclusions.
30
VIEW
ML00089 / Sep.2017
Inconel 718 Allen Bolt for Subsea Application
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - Machined PartAp - SubseaCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Kalling Etched MacroDf - Dual grain sizes
ML00045 — Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SSM - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Macrography of the welded joint, at the root position, presenting the different zones studied in this ML. Transverse section. See the schematic drawing in the next image.
47
VIEW
ML00045 / Aug.2017
Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SS
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched MacroDf - Welded Joint
ML00065 — Erosion Corrosion of Monel PipingM - NiCu AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Erosion Corrosion
Macrography of the pipe to fitting welded joint, in a region very close to the leakage. The sligthly localized thinning is in the weld metal close to the elbow.
53
VIEW
ML00065 / May.2017
Erosion Corrosion of Monel Piping
M - NiCu AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Erosion Corrosion
Cm - Kalling Etched MacroDf - Thinning
ML00055 — CA6NM Blade Remanufactured by WeldingM - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Remanufacture by WeldingAp - EnergyCd - Removed From Service
Macrography of a transverse section of the welded joint between the original casting and the inserted casting, in the side of the inserted part.
17
VIEW
ML00055 / Apr.2017
CA6NM Blade Remanufactured by Welding
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Remanufacture by WeldingAp - EnergyCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Kalling Etched MacroDf - Fusion Line Right Side