Raw Material

9 cases · 81 images

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Microstructure: Tempered Martensite Standard: UNS Capture method: Optical Microscope clear all

Raw Material — sub-branches

Casting 1Forging 5Heat Treated Part 2Machined Part 1Pipe 2Tubular Forging 1

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Micrography of a transverse section of the ring presenting a uniform tempered martensite structure.
43
VIEW
ML00124 / Feb.2018
MIC of a Martensitic Valve Ring
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - ForgingAp - EnergyCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Micrography, as polished, of the transverse section of the forged pin with the layer applied by a (thermal) spray and fuse process. The structure of the layer that is 0.7 mm thick, presented entrapped pores and globular oxides. The layer was melted after application by thermal spray (in this case using a flame) and the pin was quenched and tempered after the full application and melting of the layer.
360
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Transverse Section
Micrography of the tool steel, in the longitudinal section of the part. The material presented a uniform structure, tempered martensite. The tempering was in low temperature since the hardness is high (58 HRc at the surface).
87
VIEW
ML00084 / Mar.2020
Walrus Tool Steel
M - High Carbon Tool SteelP - ForgingAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Uniform Structure
Micrography of a transverse section of the lifting part, showing interdendritic voids close to the surface at the inner diameter of the padeye. The microstructure is tempered martensite.
450
VIEW
ML00098 / Nov.2017
Brittle Fracture of a Casting Lifting Device
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - CastingAp - LiftingCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Casting defects
Micrography of the welded joint fusion line presenting the liquation cracking. The weld metal is in the right side (bottom) and the forged connector heat affected zone is in the left side (top).
83
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Cracking
Micrography of the base metal presenting a banded microstructure in the longitudinal section of the pipe.
52
VIEW
ML00066 / May.2017
GMAW Welded Joint in 9%Ni Alloy Steel
M - Nickel Alloy SteelP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - PipelineCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Base metal micrographic detail presenting a tempered martensitic microstructure.
27
VIEW
ML00045 / Aug.2017
Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SS
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrographic aspect of the corrosion damage in a section transverse to the pitting.
167
VIEW
ML00054 / Dec.2018
Cutlery Corrosion
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Foodstuff ArticleAp - KitchenCd - Pitting Corrosion
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Pitting

More from these cases

ML00124 — MIC of a Martensitic Valve RingM - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - ForgingAp - EnergyCd - Brittle Behavior
Micrography of a transverse section of the ring, at the pitting position, as polished, showing that there are intergranular cracks and the martensitic structure is corroded (chemical dissolution) inside the pitting.
33
VIEW
ML00124 / Feb.2018
MIC of a Martensitic Valve Ring
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - ForgingAp - EnergyCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Corrosion
Micrographic detail of a transverse section of the ring, showing the corroded martensitic structure (chemical dissolution) inside the pitting.
32
VIEW
ML00124 / Feb.2018
MIC of a Martensitic Valve Ring
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - ForgingAp - EnergyCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Corrosion
Micrographic detail of a transverse section of the ring, showing the corroded martensitic structure (chemical dissolution) inside the pitting.
33
VIEW
ML00124 / Feb.2018
MIC of a Martensitic Valve Ring
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - ForgingAp - EnergyCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Intergranular Cracking
Micrography of a transverse section of the ring at the cracking position. The cracks are intergranular and opened at the position close to the surface.
27
VIEW
ML00124 / Feb.2018
MIC of a Martensitic Valve Ring
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - ForgingAp - EnergyCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Micrography of a transverse section of the ring at the cracking position. The cracks are intergranular and opened at the position close to the surface. it is possible to identify dissolution of the structure adjacent to the grain boundaries,
25
VIEW
ML00124 / Feb.2018
MIC of a Martensitic Valve Ring
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - ForgingAp - EnergyCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Crack

+4 more from this case →

ML00109 — Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged PinM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Micrography, as polished, of the transverse section of the forged pin with the layer applied by a (thermal) spray and fuse process. The layer was melted after thermal spray application and the layer presents a continuous matrix, but there are globular oxides and pores entrapped.
29
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Surface Layer
Micrographic detail, as polished, of the transverse section of the forged pin at the interface between the pin and the spray and fuse layer. The pin was heat treated after the thermal spray, and fuse treatment. The interface presents a higher concentration of globular oxides and pores, entrapped.
23
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Surface Layer
Low magnification micrography of the interface between the pin and the spray and fuse layer. Close to the surface, under the layer, the pin presents a quenched and tempered structure, compatible with a high strenght requirement. Transverse section.
20
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Surface Layer
Micrography of the pin close to the interface with the spray and fuse layer. Transverse section. The fuse is conducted in high temperature and the pin was quenched and tempered after the thermal spray deposition and fuse by flame (in this case the melting of the applied layer was conducted by a oxifuel flame.
21
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Micrographic detail of the tempered martensite structure close to the interface with the spray and fuse layer. Transverse section. The fuse is conducted in high temperature and the pin was heat treated after the thermal spray deposition and fuse.
16
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite

+3 more from this case →

ML00084 — Walrus Tool SteelM - High Carbon Tool SteelP - ForgingAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Removed From Service
Micrographic detail of the tool steel, in the longitudinal section of the part. The material presented a uniform structure, tempered martensite, with small secondary carbides. The hardness in the section is 59 HRc.
73
VIEW
ML00084 / Mar.2020
Walrus Tool Steel
M - High Carbon Tool SteelP - ForgingAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
ML00098 — Brittle Fracture of a Casting Lifting DeviceM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - CastingAp - LiftingCd - Brittle Fracture
Micrography of the lifting padeye showing a dendritic path of a quenched and tempered martensitic microstructure. The segregated regions (white interdendritic regions) are more clearly identified in low magnification. Voids are located in these segregated regions.
21
VIEW
ML00098 / Nov.2017
Brittle Fracture of a Casting Lifting Device
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - CastingAp - LiftingCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Micrography of the lifting padeye showing a quenched and tempered martensitic microstructure. Voids are located in interdendritic segregated regions.
20
VIEW
ML00098 / Nov.2017
Brittle Fracture of a Casting Lifting Device
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - CastingAp - LiftingCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Micrography of the lifting padeye showing a quenched and tempered martensitic microstructure. Voids are located in interdendritic segregated regions. At this magnification the segregation is not clear.
16
VIEW
ML00098 / Nov.2017
Brittle Fracture of a Casting Lifting Device
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - CastingAp - LiftingCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Micrography of the lifting padeye showing a quenched and tempered martensitic microstructure. The hardness level of the material is about 39 HRc.
14
VIEW
ML00098 / Nov.2017
Brittle Fracture of a Casting Lifting Device
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - CastingAp - LiftingCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Micrography of the secondary crack, paralel to fracture, starting from the internal diameter of the padeye. The crack propagates in an interdendritic morphology, interconnecting casting defects.
13
VIEW
ML00098 / Nov.2017
Brittle Fracture of a Casting Lifting Device
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - CastingAp - LiftingCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Secondary Cracks

+8 more from this case →

ML00072 — Liquation Cracks in a High Strength JointM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
The liquation crack is a hot crack in the base metal (at the HAZ) that induces a solidification crack in the weld metal.
66
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
Micrographic detail of the cracks at the fusion line of the welded joint, at the connector side. The cracking presents morphology of melting regions of impurities at grain boundaries of the large grains of the heat affected zone (HAZ).
57
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Fusion Line
The HAZ presents microcracks at previous austenite grain boundaries. These regions melted during welding and generated cracks associated to low melting temperature phases.
48
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Microcracks
The HAZ presents microcracks at previous austenite grain boundaries. These regions melted during welding and generated cracks associated to low melting temperature phases.
43
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Microcracks
Micrography of the AISI 4130 forging, 5/8" thickness, close to the welded region, in the longitudinal section.
42
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal Left Side

+7 more from this case →

ML00066 — GMAW Welded Joint in 9%Ni Alloy SteelM - Nickel Alloy SteelP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - PipelineCd - Welding
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the base metal presenting a quenched and tempered microstructure.
50
VIEW
ML00066 / May.2017
GMAW Welded Joint in 9%Ni Alloy Steel
M - Nickel Alloy SteelP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - PipelineCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrographic detail of the low temperature heat affected zone of the pipe. The intercritical temperature (IC) is evident in the decorated grain boundaries of the previous austenite.
43
VIEW
ML00066 / May.2017
GMAW Welded Joint in 9%Ni Alloy Steel
M - Nickel Alloy SteelP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - PipelineCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the fusion line close to the cap pass (CP). The weld metal (non etched) is in the left side.
43
VIEW
ML00066 / May.2017
GMAW Welded Joint in 9%Ni Alloy Steel
M - Nickel Alloy SteelP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - PipelineCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Fusion Line
Micrography of the heat affected zone, a little far from the fusion line, close to the base metal.
40
VIEW
ML00066 / May.2017
GMAW Welded Joint in 9%Ni Alloy Steel
M - Nickel Alloy SteelP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - PipelineCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrographic detail of the fusion line in the center of the thickness, where the heat affected zone was reheated by the subsequent passes.
34
VIEW
ML00066 / May.2017
GMAW Welded Joint in 9%Ni Alloy Steel
M - Nickel Alloy SteelP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - PipelineCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Fusion Line

+8 more from this case →

ML00045 — Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SSM - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Micrographic detail of the heat-affected zone close to the base metal.
29
VIEW
ML00045 / Aug.2017
Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SS
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrographic detail of the heat-affected zone close to the fusion line.
31
VIEW
ML00045 / Aug.2017
Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SS
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrographic detail of the tempered martesite weld metal close to the fusion line. The columnar grains can be observed .
23
VIEW
ML00045 / Aug.2017
Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SS
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
Micrography of the base metal showing a tempered martensitic microstructure.
30
VIEW
ML00045 / Aug.2017
Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SS
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrography of the heat-affected zone. The fusion line is in the right and the coarse structure of the base metal is refined at the heat affected zone.
28
VIEW
ML00045 / Aug.2017
Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SS
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone

+8 more from this case →