Ferrous Alloys

7 cases · 23 images

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Standard: A Detail focus: Weld Metal clear all

Ferrous Alloys — sub-branches

Carbon Steel 17Cast Iron 8High Alloy Steel 26Low Alloy Steel 24Tool Steel 1

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The columnar grains of the weld metal in the cap presented a martensitic structure.
60
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
WELD METAL T/2
28
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
Micrography of the weld metal of the pipe to the fitting. It is possible to see columnar grains and recristalized grains. In the same way, the yellow/white is the austenite and the blue/red is the ferite.
67
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Weld Metal
The weld metal presented a ferritic/bainitic structure at the surface, where the replica was conducted. The weld metal hardness is 272 HB, too high for this material, suggesting lack of a suitable PWHT.
102
VIEW
ML00071 / Jan.2019
Reheating Cracking of a CrMo Vessel Weld
M - CrMo SteelP - In Field WeldAp - EnergyCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital etched, OMDf - Weld Metal
Micrography of the weld metal with columnar grains and reheated and refined grains.
11
VIEW
ML00055 / Apr.2017
CA6NM Blade Remanufactured by Welding
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Remanufacture by WeldingAp - EnergyCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
Micrographic detail of the tempered martesite weld metal close to the fusion line. The columnar grains can be observed .
23
VIEW
ML00045 / Aug.2017
Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SS
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
Micrography of the weld metal in the center of the fillet showing a 100% acicular ferrite that is a microestructure of a high strenght steel, evidenced the effect of the dilution of the tube chemistry in the weld metal.
40
VIEW
ML00052 / Apr.2017
Cold Cracks in API 5CT L80 Tube Welded to a Structural Part
M - Low Alloy SteelP - Seamless tubeAp - OffshoreCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal

More from these cases

ML00150 — Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil PipingM - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Micrography of the weld metal of the pipe to the fitting.
63
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Weld Metal
Micrographic detail of the weld metal of the pipe to the fitting. Yellow/white austenite and red/blue ferrite (delta).
59
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Weld Metal
Cap pass in the weld metal, presenting a large amount of delta ferrite (retained) due to a probable quick cool of the pool during welding (since this pass is too thin, perhaps a remelting). Although it is not good to present this microstructure, it did not affect the failure.
54
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Weld Metal
ML00071 — Reheating Cracking of a CrMo Vessel WeldM - CrMo SteelP - In Field WeldAp - EnergyCd - Welding Defect
A small sample containing cracks was removed from the cracked weld metal, by mechanical means.
81
VIEW
ML00071 / Jan.2019
Reheating Cracking of a CrMo Vessel Weld
M - CrMo SteelP - In Field WeldAp - EnergyCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Transverse Section AspectDf - Weld Metal
Macrographic aspect of a transverse section of the sample with multiple cracks that were deep in the weld metal.
71
VIEW
ML00071 / Jan.2019
Reheating Cracking of a CrMo Vessel Weld
M - CrMo SteelP - In Field WeldAp - EnergyCd - Welding Defect
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Weld Metal
ML00055 — CA6NM Blade Remanufactured by WeldingM - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Remanufacture by WeldingAp - EnergyCd - Removed From Service
Weld metal micrography showing the tempered martensitic microstructure. It is possible to see previous austenite grain boundaries slightly marked.
12
VIEW
ML00055 / Apr.2017
CA6NM Blade Remanufactured by Welding
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Remanufacture by WeldingAp - EnergyCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
Micrographic detail of the weld metal presenting columnar grains and martensitic structure.
13
VIEW
ML00055 / Apr.2017
CA6NM Blade Remanufactured by Welding
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Remanufacture by WeldingAp - EnergyCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by SEMDf - Weld Metal
Higher magnification of the martensitic structure of the weld metal, in a region where the previous austenitic grains are columnar. Hardness level of 350HV10.
12
VIEW
ML00055 / Apr.2017
CA6NM Blade Remanufactured by Welding
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Remanufacture by WeldingAp - EnergyCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by SEMDf - Weld Metal
Micrographic detail of the weld metal presenting equiaxial grains grains and martensitic structure. There are also multiples globular inclusions, caracteristic of a welding process that uses flux.
10
VIEW
ML00055 / Apr.2017
CA6NM Blade Remanufactured by Welding
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Remanufacture by WeldingAp - EnergyCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by SEMDf - Weld Metal
Higher magnification of the martensitic structure of the weld metal, hardness level of 350HV10.
10
VIEW
ML00055 / Apr.2017
CA6NM Blade Remanufactured by Welding
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Remanufacture by WeldingAp - EnergyCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by SEMDf - Weld Metal
ML00045 — Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SSM - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Micrographic detail of the weld metal tempered martensitic microstructure.
25
VIEW
ML00045 / Aug.2017
Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SS
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by SEMDf - Weld Metal
Weld metal micrographic detail showing a tempered martensitic microstructure.
14
VIEW
ML00045 / Aug.2017
Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SS
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
ML00052 — Cold Cracks in API 5CT L80 Tube Welded to a Structural PartM - Low Alloy SteelP - Seamless tubeAp - OffshoreCd - Welding Defect
Micrographic detail of the ferritic structure in the weld metal close to the low alloy steel tube, by scanning electron microscopy. The weld metal presents a typical aspect for high strenght weld metal (100% acicular ferrite).
32
VIEW
ML00052 / Apr.2017
Cold Cracks in API 5CT L80 Tube Welded to a Structural Part
M - Low Alloy SteelP - Seamless tubeAp - OffshoreCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by SEMDf - Weld Metal
Micrographic detail of the ferritic structure in the weld metal close to the carbon steel plate, by scanning electron microscopy. The weld metal presents a typical aspect for low strenght weld metal (grain boundary and primary ferrite, plus acicular ferrite).
30
VIEW
ML00052 / Apr.2017
Cold Cracks in API 5CT L80 Tube Welded to a Structural Part
M - Low Alloy SteelP - Seamless tubeAp - OffshoreCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by SEMDf - Weld Metal
Micrographic detail of the weld metal presenting 100% of acicular ferrite. Although the adopted filler metal was of a low strenght type, the dilution of the tube chemistry in the weld created a typically high strenght weld metal.
26
VIEW
ML00052 / Apr.2017
Cold Cracks in API 5CT L80 Tube Welded to a Structural Part
M - Low Alloy SteelP - Seamless tubeAp - OffshoreCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by SEMDf - Weld Metal
Micrographic detail in higher magnification of the weld metal presenting 100% of acicular ferrite. It is interesting to observe that the previous austenite grain boundary can be seen but there is no primary ferrite in the grain boundary.
36
VIEW
ML00052 / Apr.2017
Cold Cracks in API 5CT L80 Tube Welded to a Structural Part
M - Low Alloy SteelP - Seamless tubeAp - OffshoreCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by SEMDf - Weld Metal