Optical Microscope

19 cases · 153 images

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Product: Rolled Plate clear all

Optical Microscope — sub-branches

As polished micrography 10Keller Etched Micrography by OM 16Micrography by OM 24Micrography by OM using A262 Method A 7Micrography by OM, HF + HNO3 + H2O etch 3Nital Etched Micrography by OM 93

Results

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Typical branched stress corrosion cracks in a low carbon steel, ferritic-pertlitic structure. The cracks are filled with corrosion products.
771
VIEW
ML00018 / Apr.2017
SCC in Boiler Steam Drum
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - BoilerCd - Stress Corrosion
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Branched Cracks
Tempered martensitic structure of the plate base metal.
93
VIEW
ML00010 / Oct.2017
Cold Cracks in a Gouged Weld Metal
M - Low Alloy Low Carbon QTP - Rolled PlateAp - OffshoreCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
The micrography of the transverse section of the plate, as polished, close to the surface. The material presents intergranular corrosion and some grains were lost.
1184
VIEW
ML00015 / Oct.2017
Intergranular Corrosion of 304SS Plate
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - RefineryCd - Intergranular Corrosion
Cm - Micrography by OMDf - Intergranular Corrosion
Micrography of a section transverse to the Oxygen Plasma Cut surface, showing the zone affected by the heat generated in the cutting. The extension of the HAZ is about 0.5 mm. The cut was conducted in the 1 1/4" thickness of the plate.
359
VIEW
ML00033 / Jan.2017
Plasma Cut of 1 1/4" Steel Plate
M - High Strength Low AlloyP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Cutting
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Ferritic-perlitic microstructure of a longitudinal section of the plate that was qualified to be adopted in a tubesheet boiler. Hot formed plate presenting perlite banding.
659
VIEW
ML00031 / Jan.2017
Carbon Steel Tubesheet for Boiler
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - ShipCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
The plate longitudinal section presents a granular refined structure. Biphasic.
340
VIEW
ML00029 / Jan.2017
Titanium Plate for Subsea Application
M - Ti6Al4VP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Micrography by OM, HF + HNO3 + H2O etchDf - Grain refined structure
Ferritic perlitic microstructure, banded, in the center of the 5/16" thick C-Mn plate. Refined Structure.
371
VIEW
ML00021 / Dec.2017
5/16" CMn Steel Plate for Pressure Vessel
M - CMn SteelP - PlateAp - Oil and GasCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Grain refined structure
Ferritic perlitic microstructure, banded, in the center of the 1/2" thick C-Mn plate. Refined Structure.
327
VIEW
ML00022 / Dec.2017
1/2" CMn Steel Plate for Pressure Vessel
M - CMn SteelP - PlateAp - Oil and GasCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Grain refined structure

More from these cases

ML00018 — SCC in Boiler Steam DrumM - Low Carbon SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - BoilerCd - Stress Corrosion
Ferritic perlitic structure of the shell plate.
207
VIEW
ML00018 / Apr.2017
SCC in Boiler Steam Drum
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - BoilerCd - Stress Corrosion
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
Micrography of the crack at the internal surface of the steam drum. The shell plate presents a ferritic perlitic structure.
162
VIEW
ML00018 / Apr.2017
SCC in Boiler Steam Drum
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - BoilerCd - Stress Corrosion
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Branched Cracks
Micrography of a crack, in a sample as polished, presenting the opened crack.
144
VIEW
ML00018 / Apr.2017
SCC in Boiler Steam Drum
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - BoilerCd - Stress Corrosion
Cm - Micrography by OMDf - Branched Cracks
Stress corrosion cracks propagating in the ferritic-perlitic structure.
120
VIEW
ML00018 / Apr.2017
SCC in Boiler Steam Drum
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - BoilerCd - Stress Corrosion
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Branched Cracks
Micrography of a crack, as polished, presenting the cracks filled with corrosion products.
100
VIEW
ML00018 / Apr.2017
SCC in Boiler Steam Drum
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - BoilerCd - Stress Corrosion
Cm - Micrography by OMDf - Branched Cracks

+2 more from this case →

ML00010 — Cold Cracks in a Gouged Weld MetalM - Low Alloy Low Carbon QTP - Rolled PlateAp - OffshoreCd - Welding Defect
Detail of the tempered martensitic structure of the plate base metal. Hardness level of 27 HRc.
92
VIEW
ML00010 / Oct.2017
Cold Cracks in a Gouged Weld Metal
M - Low Alloy Low Carbon QTP - Rolled PlateAp - OffshoreCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Low magnification micrography of a transverse section of the weld at the heat affected zone region. The macrosection was hardness tested and the base metal hardness is 27HRc, the HAZ is 32HRc and the weld metal is 45HRc, revealing something wrong in the weld metal at the position close to the cracked area.
79
VIEW
ML00010 / Oct.2017
Cold Cracks in a Gouged Weld Metal
M - Low Alloy Low Carbon QTP - Rolled PlateAp - OffshoreCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Transverse Section
High temperature heat affected zone of the plate, welded in repair. The micrography was taken from a sample collected close to the cracked region, but not containing any macroscopic cracking.
76
VIEW
ML00010 / Oct.2017
Cold Cracks in a Gouged Weld Metal
M - Low Alloy Low Carbon QTP - Rolled PlateAp - OffshoreCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Detail of the high temperature heat affected zone of the plate, welded in repair.
69
VIEW
ML00010 / Oct.2017
Cold Cracks in a Gouged Weld Metal
M - Low Alloy Low Carbon QTP - Rolled PlateAp - OffshoreCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
The weld metal, hard, presented a martensitic structure, probably due to the localized increase in carbon content, from the unsuitable carbon arc gouging procedure.
63
VIEW
ML00010 / Oct.2017
Cold Cracks in a Gouged Weld Metal
M - Low Alloy Low Carbon QTP - Rolled PlateAp - OffshoreCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal

+5 more from this case →

ML00015 — Intergranular Corrosion of 304SS PlateM - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - RefineryCd - Intergranular Corrosion
Microstructure of the plate in the center of the ¼” thickness. Equiaxed austenitic grains with delta ferrite stringers and grain boundary carbide precipitation (sensitization).
303
VIEW
ML00015 / Oct.2017
Intergranular Corrosion of 304SS Plate
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - RefineryCd - Intergranular Corrosion
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Intergranular Precipitation
Microstructure of the plate in the center of the ¼” thickness. Equiaxed austenitic grains with delta ferrite stringers and grain boundary carbide precipitation (sensitization).
201
VIEW
ML00015 / Oct.2017
Intergranular Corrosion of 304SS Plate
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - RefineryCd - Intergranular Corrosion
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Intergranular Precipitation
Micrographic aspect of a longitudinal section of the plate, close to the surface, in a region where it was detected intergranular corrosion up to 0,5 mm depth. As polished.
188
VIEW
ML00015 / Oct.2017
Intergranular Corrosion of 304SS Plate
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - RefineryCd - Intergranular Corrosion
Cm - Micrography by OMDf - Intergranular Corrosion
Micrographic detail of intergranular corrosion, up to 0,5 mm depth. As polished.
171
VIEW
ML00015 / Oct.2017
Intergranular Corrosion of 304SS Plate
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - RefineryCd - Intergranular Corrosion
Cm - Micrography by OMDf - Intergranular Corrosion
Micrographic aspect of a longitudinal section of the plate, close to the surface, in a region with intergranular corrosion. Several loose grains were removed, indicating that the structure was embrittled by the intergranular corrosion.
171
VIEW
ML00015 / Oct.2017
Intergranular Corrosion of 304SS Plate
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - RefineryCd - Intergranular Corrosion
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Intergranular Corrosion

+4 more from this case →

ML00033 — Plasma Cut of 1 1/4" Steel PlateM - High Strength Low AlloyP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Cutting
Ferritic perlitic structure of the plate. Longitudinal section.
28
VIEW
ML00033 / Jan.2017
Plasma Cut of 1 1/4" Steel Plate
M - High Strength Low AlloyP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Cutting
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
Ferritic perlitic structure of the plate. Longitudinal section.
29
VIEW
ML00033 / Jan.2017
Plasma Cut of 1 1/4" Steel Plate
M - High Strength Low AlloyP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Cutting
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
Martensitic structure at the cutting HAZ. Longitudinal section.
29
VIEW
ML00033 / Jan.2017
Plasma Cut of 1 1/4" Steel Plate
M - High Strength Low AlloyP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Cutting
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Martensitic structure at the cutting HAZ. Longitudinal section.
29
VIEW
ML00033 / Jan.2017
Plasma Cut of 1 1/4" Steel Plate
M - High Strength Low AlloyP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Cutting
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Intercritical heating at 0.5 mm from the cut surface, showing martensitic islands.
32
VIEW
ML00033 / Jan.2017
Plasma Cut of 1 1/4" Steel Plate
M - High Strength Low AlloyP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Cutting
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone

+2 more from this case →

ML00031 — Carbon Steel Tubesheet for BoilerM - Low Carbon SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - ShipCd - Typical manufacturing
Ferritic-perlitic microstructure of a longitudinal section of the plate that was qualified to be adopted in a tubesheet boiler. Hot formed plate presenting perlite banding.
213
VIEW
ML00031 / Jan.2017
Carbon Steel Tubesheet for Boiler
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - ShipCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
Ferritic-perlitic microstructure of a longitudinal section of the plate that was qualified to be adopted in a tubesheet boiler. Hot formed plate presenting perlite banding.
173
VIEW
ML00031 / Jan.2017
Carbon Steel Tubesheet for Boiler
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - ShipCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Banded Pearlite
ML00029 — Titanium Plate for Subsea ApplicationM - Ti6Al4VP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Typical manufacturing
Alpha and beta phases. Refined Structure.
52
VIEW
ML00029 / Jan.2017
Titanium Plate for Subsea Application
M - Ti6Al4VP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Micrography by OM, HF + HNO3 + H2O etchDf - Two phases
Alpha and beta phases. Refined Structure.
47
VIEW
ML00029 / Jan.2017
Titanium Plate for Subsea Application
M - Ti6Al4VP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Micrography by OM, HF + HNO3 + H2O etchDf - Two phases
ML00021 — 5/16" CMn Steel Plate for Pressure VesselM - CMn SteelP - PlateAp - Oil and GasCd - Typical manufacturing
Ferritic perlitic microstructure, banded, in the center of the 5/16" thick C-Mn plate. Refined Structure.
64
VIEW
ML00021 / Dec.2017
5/16" CMn Steel Plate for Pressure Vessel
M - CMn SteelP - PlateAp - Oil and GasCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Banded Pearlite
Ferritic perlitic microstructure, banded, in the center of the 5/16" thick C-Mn plate. Refined Structure.
54
VIEW
ML00021 / Dec.2017
5/16" CMn Steel Plate for Pressure Vessel
M - CMn SteelP - PlateAp - Oil and GasCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
ML00022 — 1/2" CMn Steel Plate for Pressure VesselM - CMn SteelP - PlateAp - Oil and GasCd - Typical manufacturing
Ferritic perlitic microstructure, banded, in the center of the 1/2" thick C-Mn plate. Refined Structure.
32
VIEW
ML00022 / Dec.2017
1/2" CMn Steel Plate for Pressure Vessel
M - CMn SteelP - PlateAp - Oil and GasCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Banded Pearlite
Ferritic perlitic microstructure, banded, in the center of the 1/2" thick C-Mn plate. Refined Structure.
28
VIEW
ML00022 / Dec.2017
1/2" CMn Steel Plate for Pressure Vessel
M - CMn SteelP - PlateAp - Oil and GasCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section