Optical Microscope

5 cases · 53 images

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Condition: Sound Microstructure: Tempered Martensite clear all

Optical Microscope — sub-branches

As polished micrography 3Eletrolytically Etched Micrography by OM 6Kalling Etched Micrography by OM 14Nital Etched Micrography by OM 30

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Micrography, as polished, of the transverse section of the forged pin with the layer applied by a (thermal) spray and fuse process. The structure of the layer that is 0.7 mm thick, presented entrapped pores and globular oxides. The layer was melted after application by thermal spray (in this case using a flame) and the pin was quenched and tempered after the full application and melting of the layer.
360
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Transverse Section
Micrography of the 4130 steel, normalized and tempered. The structure is sligthly banded (segregated) and the average hardness level is 20 HRc.
92
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrography of the base metal presenting a banded microstructure in the longitudinal section of the pipe.
51
VIEW
ML00066 / May.2017
GMAW Welded Joint in 9%Ni Alloy Steel
M - Nickel Alloy SteelP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - PipelineCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Base metal micrographic detail presenting a tempered martensitic microstructure.
27
VIEW
ML00045 / Aug.2017
Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SS
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
The micrography in the longitudinal section in the middle of the thickness shows a light banding. Quenched and tempered structure.
346
VIEW
ML00037 / Jun.2017
LAS Forging for Pump Body
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Heat Treated PartAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section

More from these cases

ML00109 — Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged PinM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Micrography, as polished, of the transverse section of the forged pin with the layer applied by a (thermal) spray and fuse process. The layer was melted after thermal spray application and the layer presents a continuous matrix, but there are globular oxides and pores entrapped.
29
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Surface Layer
Micrographic detail, as polished, of the transverse section of the forged pin at the interface between the pin and the spray and fuse layer. The pin was heat treated after the thermal spray, and fuse treatment. The interface presents a higher concentration of globular oxides and pores, entrapped.
23
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Surface Layer
Low magnification micrography of the interface between the pin and the spray and fuse layer. Close to the surface, under the layer, the pin presents a quenched and tempered structure, compatible with a high strenght requirement. Transverse section.
20
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Surface Layer
Micrography of the pin close to the interface with the spray and fuse layer. Transverse section. The fuse is conducted in high temperature and the pin was quenched and tempered after the thermal spray deposition and fuse by flame (in this case the melting of the applied layer was conducted by a oxifuel flame.
21
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Micrographic detail of the tempered martensite structure close to the interface with the spray and fuse layer. Transverse section. The fuse is conducted in high temperature and the pin was heat treated after the thermal spray deposition and fuse.
16
VIEW
ML00109 / Jan.2018
Thermal Spray and Fuse Layer in Forged Pin
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Tubular ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Thermal spray
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite

+3 more from this case →

ML00102 — AISI 4130 Forging Welded and OverlaidM - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Micrography of the 4130 steel, normalized and tempered. The microstructure is bainitic.
88
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrographic detail of the bainitic structure of the 4130 steel, normalized and tempered.
87
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Bainite
Micrography of the tubular 4130 forging at the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the Inconel overlay (white because it was not etched with the Nital). The structure is ferritic/bainitic because the overlay was conducted in two layers, and all the HAZ was reheated during welding.
66
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the tubular 4130 forging at the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the Inconel overlay (white because it was not etched with the Nital). The structure is ferritic/bainitic because the overlay was conducted in two layers, and all the HAZ was reheated during welding.
61
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrographic detail of the bainitic heat affected zone (HAZ) of 4130 forging at the Inconel overlay.
50
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Bainitic Ferrite

+6 more from this case →

ML00066 — GMAW Welded Joint in 9%Ni Alloy SteelM - Nickel Alloy SteelP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - PipelineCd - Welding
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the base metal presenting a quenched and tempered microstructure.
49
VIEW
ML00066 / May.2017
GMAW Welded Joint in 9%Ni Alloy Steel
M - Nickel Alloy SteelP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - PipelineCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrographic detail of the low temperature heat affected zone of the pipe. The intercritical temperature (IC) is evident in the decorated grain boundaries of the previous austenite.
42
VIEW
ML00066 / May.2017
GMAW Welded Joint in 9%Ni Alloy Steel
M - Nickel Alloy SteelP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - PipelineCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the fusion line close to the cap pass (CP). The weld metal (non etched) is in the left side.
43
VIEW
ML00066 / May.2017
GMAW Welded Joint in 9%Ni Alloy Steel
M - Nickel Alloy SteelP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - PipelineCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Fusion Line
Micrography of the heat affected zone, a little far from the fusion line, close to the base metal.
40
VIEW
ML00066 / May.2017
GMAW Welded Joint in 9%Ni Alloy Steel
M - Nickel Alloy SteelP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - PipelineCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrographic detail of the fusion line in the center of the thickness, where the heat affected zone was reheated by the subsequent passes.
34
VIEW
ML00066 / May.2017
GMAW Welded Joint in 9%Ni Alloy Steel
M - Nickel Alloy SteelP - Welded Testpiece for QualificationAp - PipelineCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Fusion Line

+8 more from this case →

ML00045 — Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SSM - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Micrographic detail of the heat-affected zone close to the base metal.
29
VIEW
ML00045 / Aug.2017
Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SS
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrographic detail of the heat-affected zone close to the fusion line.
31
VIEW
ML00045 / Aug.2017
Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SS
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrographic detail of the tempered martesite weld metal close to the fusion line. The columnar grains can be observed .
22
VIEW
ML00045 / Aug.2017
Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SS
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
Micrography of the base metal showing a tempered martensitic microstructure.
29
VIEW
ML00045 / Aug.2017
Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SS
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrography of the heat-affected zone. The fusion line is in the right and the coarse structure of the base metal is refined at the heat affected zone.
28
VIEW
ML00045 / Aug.2017
Subsea Tubular F6NM Martensitic SS
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - OffshoreCd - Welding
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone

+8 more from this case →

ML00037 — LAS Forging for Pump BodyM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Heat Treated PartAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Typical manufacturing
Quenched and tempered structure of the 1" thick forging presenting a light banding.
43
VIEW
ML00037 / Jun.2017
LAS Forging for Pump Body
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Heat Treated PartAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Banded Structure
Longitudinal section in the middle of the thickness. Quenched and tempered structure.
38
VIEW
ML00037 / Jun.2017
LAS Forging for Pump Body
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Heat Treated PartAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Vickers microhardness in and out of the segregation bands. The average hardness value in the band (1, 2 and 3 identations) is 354 HV 50g and out of the band (4, 5 and 6 identations) is 286 HV 50g.
33
VIEW
ML00037 / Jun.2017
LAS Forging for Pump Body
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Heat Treated PartAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Banded Structure