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4 cases · 18 images

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Product: Cladding Capture method: Optical Microscope Detail focus: Sampling and Analysis clear all

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Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe substrate, in low magnification, showing a uniform microstructure,
51
VIEW
ML00133 / May.2018
Seam Welded Pipe Cladded with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe substrate, in low magnification, showing a uniform microstructure,
79
VIEW
ML00132 / May.2018
Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrography of the 4130 steel, normalized and tempered. The structure is sligthly banded (segregated) and the average hardness level is 20 HRc.
92
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe showing that the carbon steel pipe is slightly banded and there is a decarburized layer at the solid solution welded interface. The stainless steel structure (in the right side of the figure) is not revealed using the Nital etch.
125
VIEW
ML00056 / May.2018
Seamless Tube Externally Cladded with SS
M - Carbon Steel / Stainless SteelP - CladdingAp - Pulp and PaperCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section

More from these cases

ML00133 — Seam Welded Pipe Cladded with Alloy 625M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe substrate showing a uniform bainitic microstructure obtained by the pipe quenching and tempering,
48
VIEW
ML00133 / May.2018
Seam Welded Pipe Cladded with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
ML00132 — Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe substrate showing a uniform bainitic microstructure obtained by the pipe quenching and tempering,
72
VIEW
ML00132 / May.2018
Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
Low magnification micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe at the interface between overlay layers, with electrolytic etch that reveals the Ni alloy structure, large columnar grains with celular morphology.
66
VIEW
ML00132 / May.2018
Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Chromic Acid Electrolytic EtchedDf - Weld Metal
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe at the interface between overlay layers, with electrolytic etch that reveals the Ni alloy structure, large grains with celular dendritic morphology.
52
VIEW
ML00132 / May.2018
Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Chromic Acid Electrolytic EtchedDf - Weld Metal
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the pipe in the overlay weld metal, with electrolytic etch that reveals the Ni alloy structure with celular dendritic morphology and precipitates.
49
VIEW
ML00132 / May.2018
Seamless Pipe Overlaid with Alloy 625
M - LAS / Ni AlloyP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Chromic Acid Electrolytic EtchedDf - Weld Metal
ML00102 — AISI 4130 Forging Welded and OverlaidM - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Micrography of the 4130 steel, normalized and tempered. The microstructure is bainitic.
88
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrography of the tubular 4130 forging at the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the Inconel overlay (white because it was not etched with the Nital). The structure is ferritic/bainitic because the overlay was conducted in two layers, and all the HAZ was reheated during welding.
66
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the tubular 4130 forging at the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the Inconel overlay (white because it was not etched with the Nital). The structure is ferritic/bainitic because the overlay was conducted in two layers, and all the HAZ was reheated during welding.
61
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the tubular 4130 forging at the heat affected zone (HAZ), butt weld face. The structure is tempered martensite because the welded joint was PWHT at 630°C. The original forging was normalized and tempered at 660°C.
48
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the tubular 4130 forging at the heat affected zone (HAZ) at the face of the butt weld. The structure is a tempered martensite because the joint was PWHT at 630°C. The original forging was normalized and tempered at 660°C.
43
VIEW
ML00102 / May.2018
AISI 4130 Forging Welded and Overlaid
M - Low Alloy SteelP - CladdingAp - Oil and GasCd - Welding
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone

+2 more from this case →

ML00056 — Seamless Tube Externally Cladded with SSM - Carbon Steel / Stainless SteelP - CladdingAp - Pulp and PaperCd - Removed From Service
Micrographic detail of the interface in the longitudinal section of the pipe showing the Vickers (300g) microhardness values, close to the interface in the carbon steel side and in the stainless steel side. Although the Nital etch does not allow to reveal the structure in the stainless steel side, the high hardness values show that the structure is different.
113
VIEW
ML00056 / May.2018
Seamless Tube Externally Cladded with SS
M - Carbon Steel / Stainless SteelP - CladdingAp - Pulp and PaperCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
Micrography of the interface between the carbon steel that is strongly etched by the electrolytic oxalic acid (in the left side of the figure) and the stainless steel, in the longitudinal section of the pipe. There is a strain hardened layer very close to the interface, at the stainless steel side.
79
VIEW
ML00056 / May.2018
Seamless Tube Externally Cladded with SS
M - Carbon Steel / Stainless SteelP - CladdingAp - Pulp and PaperCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Longitudinal Section