Forging

7 cases · 34 images

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Condition: Damage Detail focus: Sampling and Analysis clear all

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The location of the threaded fitting started leaking after less than five years in service. Although the corrosion rate was not high, the localized material loss in the threaded surface of the carbon steel flange allowed the connection leakage.
770
VIEW
ML00184 / Apr.2023
Dissimilar Steels in a Threaded Connection
M - Low Carbon SteelP - ForgingAp - OffshoreCd - Localized Dissolution
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
The drilling connector, 21" diameter, presented a crack at the margin of the weld in the forging side (left side of the weld in the figure).
748
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Aspect of the valve body after cutting a slice containg the crack and the welded joint of the body to the insert (fillet weld). The cracking was arrested at the position of this welded joint.
56
VIEW
ML00134 / Aug.2020
Brittle Fracture of a Superduplex Valve Body
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MacroDf - Welded Joint
Macroscopic aspect of the crack in the valve ring surface. A leakage was detected during testing after 6 months out of service and the inspection identified several transverse cracks in the forged ring. The valve was installed for one year, but it was not drained during the time it was out of service. The cracks were located in regions that were rusted and presenting a biological fouling.
51
VIEW
ML00124 / Feb.2018
MIC of a Martensitic Valve Ring
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - ForgingAp - EnergyCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - At the Surface
The macrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe and connector, at the welded joint, shows that the welding was conducted from both side of the groove, starting from the ID and finishing from the OD, ID later machined flush. The cracking was detected by ultrasonic test and the macro shows that it is at the fusion line, growthing into the weld metal. See the schematic drawing in the next figure
535
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Longitudinal Section
Brittle aspect of the failure of the conector in the male thread. Both sides of the fracture.
96
VIEW
ML00078 / Jun.2017
Hydrogen Cracking of IN 718 Subsea Connector
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - ForgingAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Macrography of a longitudinal section of the flange to pipe weld, cracked in the flange. Pipe thickness, measured, is 5 mm. Flange thickness at the welded region is 7.5 mm. The macro was etched using NaOH solution, electrolytic.
181
VIEW
ML00002 / Jan.2018
Preferential Dissolution and Cracks in SDSS
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - PipingCd - Preferential Dissolution
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MacroDf - Longitudinal Section

More from these cases

ML00184 — Dissimilar Steels in a Threaded ConnectionM - Low Carbon SteelP - ForgingAp - OffshoreCd - Localized Dissolution
The cleaned fitting is sound. No corrosion, only surface stains.
121
VIEW
ML00184 / Apr.2023
Dissimilar Steels in a Threaded Connection
M - Low Carbon SteelP - ForgingAp - OffshoreCd - Localized Dissolution
Cm - Aspect After CleaningDf - General View
Micrography of the valve body carbon steel thread, in the valley. Ferritic-bainitic structure.
77
VIEW
ML00184 / Apr.2023
Dissimilar Steels in a Threaded Connection
M - Low Carbon SteelP - ForgingAp - OffshoreCd - Localized Dissolution
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Transverse Section
ML00178 — Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded ForgingM - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Circumferential weld aspect. Two passes in the cap. This forging to pipe welded joint, 22 mm thick, was welded by an automatic process in a narrow gap. The pipe is to the top of the image and the forging is to the bottom of the image.
165
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - External Surface
Macrography of the welded joint between the forging and the pipe, showing it was welded in a narrow gap, indicating by the arrow the location of the crack at the margin of the weld, in the forging side.
129
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Welded Joint
Quenched and tempered structure of the F22 steel forging, presenting about 230HV10 average hardness.
133
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Fusion line of the forging side, in the cap, showing the weld metal (to the top of the image) and the base metal (to the bottom of the image). The heat affected zone hardness is about 270HV10.
108
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Quenched and tempered heat affected zone of the forging.
75
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by SEMDf - Heat Affected Zone

+1 more from this case →

ML00134 — Brittle Fracture of a Superduplex Valve BodyM - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Brittle Fracture
Image of the external surface of the valve body at the region where the Alloy 625 insert was fillet weld to the SDSS valve body. The surface was later machined, so it is possible to see only a mark indicating where the weld is. The brittle crack is arrested at the margin of the weld. It is possible to see strong deformation at the crack tip when it arrives the weld.
41
VIEW
ML00134 / Aug.2020
Brittle Fracture of a Superduplex Valve Body
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - External Surface
Macrographic detail of the valve at the welded joint of the SDSS body (left side of the figure) to the Alloy 625 insert (right side of the figure), by a fillet weld. The cracking was arrested at the position of this welded joint.
49
VIEW
ML00134 / Aug.2020
Brittle Fracture of a Superduplex Valve Body
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MacroDf - Welded Joint
Low magnification micrography of the valve at the welded joint of the body to the insert (fillet weld). The cracking was arrested at the position of this welded joint because the structures of the weld metal, insert and heat affected zones are tough (austenitic in the weld metal and insert, and free from sigma in the HAZ) .
48
VIEW
ML00134 / Aug.2020
Brittle Fracture of a Superduplex Valve Body
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Welded Joint
Micrography of the valve at the welded joint of the body to the insert (fillet weld). The cracking was arrested at the position of this welded joint because the structures of the weld metal, insert and heat affected zones are tough (austenitic in the weld metal and insert, and free from sigma in the HAZ) .
46
VIEW
ML00134 / Aug.2020
Brittle Fracture of a Superduplex Valve Body
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrographic detail of the fusion line of the welded joint of the body to the insert (fillet weld). The cracking was arrested at the position of this welded joint because the structures of the weld metal, insert and heat affected zones are tough (austenitic in the weld metal and insert, and free from sigma in the HAZ) .
39
VIEW
ML00134 / Aug.2020
Brittle Fracture of a Superduplex Valve Body
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone

+2 more from this case →

ML00072 — Liquation Cracks in a High Strength JointM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Schematic drawing presenting the longitudinal section of the pipe and connector at the welded joint
105
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Identification drawingDf - Longitudinal Section
Hot cracking at the fusion line of the connector side, in a welded joint between a forging and a pipe, in a macrographic sample. The region of the heat affected zone of the connector presents a dendritic aspect suggesting that the forging reduction rate of the connector was not too high and did not broke the cast structure.
110
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Welded Joint
The connector was welded to the pipe from both (internal and external) sides, a PWHT was applied and the part was machined. The UT indication was detected during final inspection.
78
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
The liquation crack is a hot crack in the base metal (at the HAZ) that induces a solidification crack in the weld metal.
66
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
Micrographic detail of the cracks at the fusion line of the welded joint, at the connector side. The cracking presents morphology of melting regions of impurities at grain boundaries of the large grains of the heat affected zone (HAZ).
57
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Fusion Line

+6 more from this case →

ML00078 — Hydrogen Cracking of IN 718 Subsea ConnectorM - NiCrFe AlloyP - ForgingAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Micrography of the longitudinal section of the forging material, presenting a granular austenite, precipitation hardened.
84
VIEW
ML00078 / Jun.2017
Hydrogen Cracking of IN 718 Subsea Connector
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - ForgingAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section