Optical Microscope

5 cases · 47 images

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Microstructure: Precipitation Hardened clear all

Optical Microscope — sub-branches

As polished micrography 2Kalling Etched Micrography by OM 29Keller Etched Micrography by OM 16

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Micrography of the plate in a section, in the middle of the thickness. The aligned pitting is associated to the chemical etch of inclusions and second phases. The structure is granular but the grain boundaries do not appear at that magnification, originally 50x.
50
VIEW
ML00145 / Sep.2018
Impact of a .380 Winchester on 6061 T6 Plate
M - Aluminum Magnesium SiliconP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Pierced
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Aligned particles
Microstructure of the spring in a transverse section, presenting an aged martensitic structure.
96
VIEW
ML00137 / Mar.2021
Brittle Fracture of a 15-5 PH Valve Spring
M - Precipitation Hardened Stainless SteelP - SpringAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section in the center of the bolt. Granular austenitic microstructure, equiaxial, primary precipitates (isolated), precipitation hardened (not detectable by metalography, only because of the hardness level)
431
VIEW
ML00106 / Dec.2017
Inconel 718 Submarine Bolt
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - BoltAp - SubseaCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Austenite
Low magnification micrography of the bolt in a longitudinal section, at the bolt thread, showing no evidences of forming operations, indicating it was machined from a heat treated bar. Austenitic microstructure, granular, equiaxial, precipitation hardened (shadow in the grains).
45
VIEW
ML00105 / Jun.2018
Inconel 718 Bolt of Special Head
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - FastenerAp - SubseaCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
Micrography of the longitudinal section of the forging material, presenting a granular austenite, precipitation hardened.
84
VIEW
ML00078 / Jun.2017
Hydrogen Cracking of IN 718 Subsea Connector
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - ForgingAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section

More from these cases

ML00145 — Impact of a .380 Winchester on 6061 T6 PlateM - Aluminum Magnesium SiliconP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Pierced
Micrography of the plate in a section, in the middle of the thickness, in a position where the plate was not affected by the shot. The microstructure is granular although the grain boundaries are not resolvable at this magnification. The black spots are localized corrosion in aligned particles.
49
VIEW
ML00145 / Sep.2018
Impact of a .380 Winchester on 6061 T6 Plate
M - Aluminum Magnesium SiliconP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Pierced
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Aligned particles
Micrographic detail of the plate in the middle of the thickness. At this magnification it is possible to see the grain boundaries and the black spots are localized etching in aligned particles.
43
VIEW
ML00145 / Sep.2018
Impact of a .380 Winchester on 6061 T6 Plate
M - Aluminum Magnesium SiliconP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Pierced
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Granular structure
Micrographic detail of the plate in the middle of the thickness. At this magnification it is possible to see the grain boundaries and the black spots are localized etching in aligned particles.
37
VIEW
ML00145 / Sep.2018
Impact of a .380 Winchester on 6061 T6 Plate
M - Aluminum Magnesium SiliconP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Pierced
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Granular structure
Micrography of the damaged plate at the side of the bullet impact, top of the figure. The perforated hole expulsed the material to the top and bottom directions. There are evidences of plastic deformation of the plate microstructure and the hardness level close to the hole increased from 123 HV to 131 HV (1kg)
17
VIEW
ML00145 / Sep.2018
Impact of a .380 Winchester on 6061 T6 Plate
M - Aluminum Magnesium SiliconP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Pierced
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Strain Hardened
Micrography of the damaged plate at the side of the bullet impact, top of the figure. The perforated hole expulsed the material to the top and bottom directions and the microstructure shows plastic deformation.
16
VIEW
ML00145 / Sep.2018
Impact of a .380 Winchester on 6061 T6 Plate
M - Aluminum Magnesium SiliconP - Rolled PlateAp - StructureCd - Pierced
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Plastic Deformation

+10 more from this case →

ML00137 — Brittle Fracture of a 15-5 PH Valve SpringM - Precipitation Hardened Stainless SteelP - SpringAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the spring indicating that under the deposits there are intergranular cracks initiating at the spring surface.
72
VIEW
ML00137 / Mar.2021
Brittle Fracture of a 15-5 PH Valve Spring
M - Precipitation Hardened Stainless SteelP - SpringAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Intergranular Cracking
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the spring indicating that under the deposits there are intergranular cracks initiating at the spring surface.
65
VIEW
ML00137 / Mar.2021
Brittle Fracture of a 15-5 PH Valve Spring
M - Precipitation Hardened Stainless SteelP - SpringAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Intergranular Cracking
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the spring indicating that under the deposits there are intergranular cracks initiating at the spring surface.
60
VIEW
ML00137 / Mar.2021
Brittle Fracture of a 15-5 PH Valve Spring
M - Precipitation Hardened Stainless SteelP - SpringAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Intergranular Cracking
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the spring indicating that under the deposits there are intergranular cracks initiating at the spring surface.
57
VIEW
ML00137 / Mar.2021
Brittle Fracture of a 15-5 PH Valve Spring
M - Precipitation Hardened Stainless SteelP - SpringAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Intergranular Cracking
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the spring indicating that under the deposits there are intergranular cracks initiating at the spring surface.
57
VIEW
ML00137 / Mar.2021
Brittle Fracture of a 15-5 PH Valve Spring
M - Precipitation Hardened Stainless SteelP - SpringAp - Oil and GasCd - Brittle Behavior
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Intergranular Cracking

+7 more from this case →

ML00106 — Inconel 718 Submarine BoltM - NiCrFe AlloyP - BoltAp - SubseaCd - Typical manufacturing
Micrography of a longitudinal section in the center of the bolt. Granular austenitic microstructure, equiaxial, primary precipitates (isolated), precipitation hardened (not detectable by metalography, only because of the hardness level)
63
VIEW
ML00106 / Dec.2017
Inconel 718 Submarine Bolt
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - BoltAp - SubseaCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
Low magnification micrography of the bolt in a longitudinal section, at the bolt thread, showing no evidences of forming operations, indicating that it was machined from a heat treated bar. Austenitic microstructure, granular, equiaxial.
54
VIEW
ML00106 / Dec.2017
Inconel 718 Submarine Bolt
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - BoltAp - SubseaCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
Micrography of the bolt in a longitudinal section, at the bolt thread, showing no evidences of forming operations, indicating that it was machined from a heat treated bar. Austenitic microstructure, granular, equiaxial.
49
VIEW
ML00106 / Dec.2017
Inconel 718 Submarine Bolt
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - BoltAp - SubseaCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Machined Thread
ML00105 — Inconel 718 Bolt of Special HeadM - NiCrFe AlloyP - FastenerAp - SubseaCd - Typical manufacturing
Micrography of the bolt in a longitudinal section, at the bolt thread, showing no evidences of forming operations, indicating it was machined from a heat treated bar. Austenitic microstructure, granular, equiaxial, precipitation hardened (shadow in the grains).
39
VIEW
ML00105 / Jun.2018
Inconel 718 Bolt of Special Head
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - FastenerAp - SubseaCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Machined Thread
Micrographic detail of the bolt in a longitudinal section, at the bolt thread, showing no evidences of forming operations, indicating it was machined from a heat treated bar. Austenitic microstructure, granular, equiaxial, precipitation hardened (shadow in the grains).
31
VIEW
ML00105 / Jun.2018
Inconel 718 Bolt of Special Head
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - FastenerAp - SubseaCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Machined Thread
Low magnification micrography of the bolt in a longitudinal section, at the bolt head, showing no evidences of forming operations, indicating it was machined from a heat treated bar. Austenitic microstructure, granular, equiaxial, precipitation hardened (shadow in the grains).
31
VIEW
ML00105 / Jun.2018
Inconel 718 Bolt of Special Head
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - FastenerAp - SubseaCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
Micrography of the bolt in a longitudinal section, at the bolt head, showing no evidences of forming operations, indicating it was machined from a heat treated bar. Austenitic microstructure, granular, equiaxial, precipitation hardened (shadow in the grains).
31
VIEW
ML00105 / Jun.2018
Inconel 718 Bolt of Special Head
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - FastenerAp - SubseaCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Austenite
Micrographic detail of the bolt in a longitudinal section, at the bolt head, showing no evidences of forming operations, indicating it was machined from a heat treated bar. Austenitic microstructure, granular, equiaxial, precipitation hardened (shadow in the grains).
26
VIEW
ML00105 / Jun.2018
Inconel 718 Bolt of Special Head
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - FastenerAp - SubseaCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Equiaxial Grains

+3 more from this case →

ML00078 — Hydrogen Cracking of IN 718 Subsea ConnectorM - NiCrFe AlloyP - ForgingAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Micrography of the longitudinal section of the conector, at the fracture position, showing secondary cracks from the fracture surface.
63
VIEW
ML00078 / Jun.2017
Hydrogen Cracking of IN 718 Subsea Connector
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - ForgingAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Fracture
The micrographic detail of the longitudinal section at the fracture surface shows intergranular morphology for the secondary cracks (longitudinal to the forging axis).
64
VIEW
ML00078 / Jun.2017
Hydrogen Cracking of IN 718 Subsea Connector
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - ForgingAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Secondary Cracks
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the connector, at the fracture surface (in the top), showing intergranular secondary cracks.
54
VIEW
ML00078 / Jun.2017
Hydrogen Cracking of IN 718 Subsea Connector
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - ForgingAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Intergranular Cracking
Micrographic detail of a longitudinal section of the connector, at the fracture surface (in the top), showing intergranular secondary cracks. There is a large amount of delta phase precipitated intergranular and intragranluar.
48
VIEW
ML00078 / Jun.2017
Hydrogen Cracking of IN 718 Subsea Connector
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - ForgingAp - SubseaCd - Hydrogen Embrittlement
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Secondary Cracks