Optical Microscope

162 cases · 600 images

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Detail focus: Microstructure clear all

Optical Microscope — sub-branches

As polished micrography 13Chromic Acid Electrolytic Etched 4Eletrolytically Etched Micrography by OM 4FeCl3+HCl+Ethanol Etched Micro 6FeCl3+HCl+H2O Etched Micro 17Glyceregia Etched Micrography by OM 5H2SO4+HNO3+H3PO4 Etched Micro 2Kalling Etched Micrography by OM 62Keller Etched Micrography by OM 7Kroll Etched Micrography by OM 3Micro by OM, HCl + Ethanol + Picric Acid 6Micrography by OM 17Micrography by OM using A262 Method A 39Micrography by OM, HF + HNO3 + H2O etch 6NH4OH+H2O+H2O2 Etched Micro 3NaOH Electrolytic Etched Micro 44Nital Etched Micrography by OM 329Oxalic Acid Electrolytic Etch 33

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Transverse section of the blade showing large grains of this poliycristaline cast material.
421
VIEW
ML00042 / Apr.2017
Gas Turbine Blade IN 939, Coated
M - NiCrCo AlloyP - CastAp - Gas TurbineCd - Intergranular Cracking
Cm - H2SO4+HNO3+H3PO4 Etched MicroDf - Coarse Structure
Granular austenitic structure close to the surface of the shaft.
61
VIEW
ML00041 / Jun.2017
Fatigue Fracture of Inconel 718 Spline Shaft
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Austenite
The cast iron microstructure is predominatly ferritic with graphite nodules.
169
VIEW
ML00040 / Apr.2017
Brittle Fracture of a Valve Stem
M - Nodular Cast IronP - Valve StemAp - ShipCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Graphite in Nodules
Microstructure of the plate in the center of the ¼” thickness. Equiaxed austenitic grains with delta ferrite stringers and grain boundary carbide precipitation (sensitization).
303
VIEW
ML00015 / Oct.2017
Intergranular Corrosion of 304SS Plate
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - RefineryCd - Intergranular Corrosion
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Intergranular Precipitation
13Cr SS in the longitudinal section, at the collapsed region. Detail of the non uniform structure (ferritic matrix and decorated prior austenite grain boundaries) that evidences an usuitable heat treatment during fabrication, and explains the material low strenght.
48
VIEW
ML00039 / Apr.2017
Collapse in Tubular 13Cr
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Heat Treatment Defect
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Prior Austenite Boundaries Decorated
Micrography of the transverse section of the NEW TUBE, in the center of the thickness, showing the austenitic structure with primary carbides network.
410
VIEW
ML00038 / Apr.2017
Cast SS Tube for High Temperature Service
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Centrifugally Cast PipeAp - SiderurgyCd - Creep
Cm - Glyceregia Etched Micrography by OMDf - Austenitic with Primary Carbides
The pin microstructure in the longitudinal section shows austenitic structure, free from carbides, and sulfide inclusions that characterize the free cutting condition of this stainless steel.
77
VIEW
ML00016 / Apr.2017
SCC in Free Cutting 303SS
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Machined PartAp - OffshoreCd - Stress Corrosion
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Non Metallic Inclusions
Quenched and tempered structure of the 1" thick forging presenting a light banding.
43
VIEW
ML00037 / Jun.2017
LAS Forging for Pump Body
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Heat Treated PartAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Banded Structure

More from these cases

ML00041 — Fatigue Fracture of Inconel 718 Spline ShaftM - NiCrFe AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Duplex grain size structure, austenitic. The small grains are probably due to the arresting effect of the delta phase during fabrication in high temperature.
47
VIEW
ML00041 / Jun.2017
Fatigue Fracture of Inconel 718 Spline Shaft
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Duplex structure
ML00015 — Intergranular Corrosion of 304SS PlateM - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - RefineryCd - Intergranular Corrosion
Microstructure of the plate in the center of the ¼” thickness. Equiaxed austenitic grains with delta ferrite stringers and grain boundary carbide precipitation (sensitization).
201
VIEW
ML00015 / Oct.2017
Intergranular Corrosion of 304SS Plate
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Rolled PlateAp - RefineryCd - Intergranular Corrosion
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Intergranular Precipitation
ML00039 — Collapse in Tubular 13CrM - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Heat Treatment Defect
The micrography of the 13Cr SS in the transverse section, at the collapsed region, shows a ferritic matrix structure (overtempered) with the previous austenite grain boundaries decorated by phases (carbides and probably martensite islands), indicating that the material was exposed to a high tempering temperature that created a partial austenitizing condition. It explains the material low toughness and lower strenght (than required).
32
VIEW
ML00039 / Apr.2017
Collapse in Tubular 13Cr
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Heat Treatment Defect
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Overtempered Structure
The micrography of the 13Cr SS in the transverse section, far from the collapsed region, shows a uniform tempered martensitic structure.
31
VIEW
ML00039 / Apr.2017
Collapse in Tubular 13Cr
M - Martensitic Stainless SteelP - Seamless PipeAp - Oil and GasCd - Heat Treatment Defect
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
ML00038 — Cast SS Tube for High Temperature ServiceM - Heat Resistant SteelP - Centrifugally Cast PipeAp - SiderurgyCd - Creep
Micrography of the transverse section of the TUBE REMOVED FROM SERVICE, in the center of the thickness, showing the austenitic structure with primary carbides network and secondary precipitation.
59
VIEW
ML00038 / Apr.2017
Cast SS Tube for High Temperature Service
M - Heat Resistant SteelP - Centrifugally Cast PipeAp - SiderurgyCd - Creep
Cm - Glyceregia Etched Micrography by OMDf - Intragranular Secondary Precipitation
ML00037 — LAS Forging for Pump BodyM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Heat Treated PartAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Typical manufacturing
Longitudinal section in the middle of the thickness. Quenched and tempered structure.
38
VIEW
ML00037 / Jun.2017
LAS Forging for Pump Body
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Heat Treated PartAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Vickers microhardness in and out of the segregation bands. The average hardness value in the band (1, 2 and 3 identations) is 354 HV 50g and out of the band (4, 5 and 6 identations) is 286 HV 50g.
33
VIEW
ML00037 / Jun.2017
LAS Forging for Pump Body
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Heat Treated PartAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Typical manufacturing
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Banded Structure