Optical Microscope

9 cases · 34 images

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Condition: Fatigue Detail focus: Sampling and Analysis clear all

Optical Microscope — sub-branches

As polished micrography 2Kalling Etched Micrography by OM 4Micrography by OM using A262 Method A 2NaOH Electrolytic Etched Micro 10Nital Etched Micrography by OM 14Oxalic Acid Electrolytic Etch 2

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Micrography of a longitudinal section of the tubing showing a granular structure, austenitic.
52
VIEW
ML00167 / Aug.2020
Fatigue of a Flared Tubing Connection
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - TubingAp - EngineCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - Longitudinal Section
Low magnification micrography at the weld repair close to the internal surface of the valve body, in a longitudinal section. Weld metal to the bottom and heat affected zone to the top.
42
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Repair
Micrography of the heat affected zone of the pipe to the fitting, at the pipe position, where the weld is in angle to the pipe (welded at the pipe surface). Weld metal to the top.
85
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrographic aspect of the rolled thread that was heat treated later. Longitudinal section.
134
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - At the Surface
Micrography of the weld metal in the center os the weld. Columnar grains (of the previous austenite) with primary ferrite in the grain boundaries; ferrite with aligned second phases and acicular ferrite, intragranular.
136
VIEW
ML00119 / Feb.2018
Thermal Fatigue of a Marine Boiler
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - ShipCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
The micrography of the longitudinal section of the tube, close to OD, shows the paralel cracks, filled with oxides, perpendicular to the surface.
1441
VIEW
ML00104 / Dec.2017
Thermal Fatigue of a Boiler Tube
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Autogenously Welded TubeAp - BoilerCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Close to the External Surface
The micrography of the welded joint between the flange and the shell, in a region that was through wall cracked, the fracture propagating in the shell plate base metal.
74
VIEW
ML00050 / Nov.2017
Fatigue Failure of a 316SS Pressure Stabilizer
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Welded Joint
The micrography of a transverse section of the shaft shows the granular austenitic structure close to the surface of the shaft.
67
VIEW
ML00041 / Jun.2017
Fatigue Fracture of Inconel 718 Spline Shaft
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - At the Surface

More from these cases

ML00167 — Fatigue of a Flared Tubing ConnectionM - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - TubingAp - EngineCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the tubing where the fracture occurred. the left side is the outer diameter and the right side is the inner diameter.
37
VIEW
ML00167 / Aug.2020
Fatigue of a Flared Tubing Connection
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - TubingAp - EngineCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Oxalic Acid Electrolytic EtchDf - At the Surface
ML00162 — Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld DefectsM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Low magnification micrography at the weld repair close to the internal surface of the valve body, in a longitudinal section. Weld metal to the right and heat affected zone to the left.
30
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Repair
Micrography of the weld repair at the fusion line. At this magnification it is possible to identify several voids at interdendritic positions.
26
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Repair
Micrographic detail of the weld metal presenting hot cracks, at interdendritic positions, interconected.
28
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
Microstructure of the weld metal close to the fusion line, showing that the dilution effects created zones of higher carbon content, creating a martensitic plus retained austenite microstructure.
29
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
Micrography in low magnification of the cracks in the repair weld metal, showing the dendritic aspect of the hot cracks, formed during welding due to the high content of impurities in a high strength weld metal.
26
VIEW
ML00162 / Apr.2020
Valve Body Crack Growth from Weld Defects
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Valve BodyAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Fatigue Induced by a Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
ML00150 — Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil PipingM - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Micrography of the heat affected zone of the pipe to the fitting, at the pipe position. Base metal to the bottom of the figure and fusion line to the top.
87
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the pipe. The amount of ferrite in the HAZ is a little higher than in the pipe base metal.
86
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the heat affected zone of the pipe to the fitting, at the fitting position. The fitting is welded in the thickness. The fusion line is in the bottom of the figure.
74
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the fitting, welded to the pipe. The forged fitting base metal is to the top of the figure and the fusion line is to the bottom.
71
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the fitting. The amount of ferrite in the HAZ is a little higher than in the pipe base metal.
70
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone

+4 more from this case →

ML00130 — Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded BoltsM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Micrographic aspect of the rolled thread that was heat treated later. Longitudinal section. The bolt was quenched and tempered to 30HRc and presented a martensitic structure.
124
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - At the Surface
The microstructure of the bolt is martensitic in the center of the thickness. Longitudinal section.
110
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - In the Center of the Thickness
Micrographic aspect of the rolled thread that was heat treated later. Longitudinal section.
115
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - At the Surface
The fracture of the bolt occurred associated to the bottom of the thread. Compare this photo with the previous one to understand where the fracture started.
115
VIEW
ML00130 / Jun.2018
Fatigue Fracture of Overloaded Bolts
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - FastenerAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
ML00119 — Thermal Fatigue of a Marine BoilerM - Low Carbon SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - ShipCd - Thermal Fatigue
Low magnification micrography of the tube HAZ, at the fusion line. The weld metal is in the right side of the figure and the tube weld metal is in the left side of the figure.
112
VIEW
ML00119 / Feb.2018
Thermal Fatigue of a Marine Boiler
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - ShipCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
ML00104 — Thermal Fatigue of a Boiler TubeM - Low Carbon SteelP - Autogenously Welded TubeAp - BoilerCd - Thermal Fatigue
The micrography of the longitudinal section of the tube, close to ID, shows the paralel cracks, filled with oxides, perpendicular to the surface.
229
VIEW
ML00104 / Dec.2017
Thermal Fatigue of a Boiler Tube
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Autogenously Welded TubeAp - BoilerCd - Thermal Fatigue
Cm - As polished micrographyDf - Close to the Internal Surface
ML00050 — Fatigue Failure of a 316SS Pressure StabilizerM - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Mechanical Fatigue
The micrography of the welded joint between the flange and the shell, in a region that was not yet macroscopically cracked, presented a fatigue crack from the margin of the fillet weld.
71
VIEW
ML00050 / Nov.2017
Fatigue Failure of a 316SS Pressure Stabilizer
M - Austenitic Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Mechanical Fatigue
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Welded Joint
ML00041 — Fatigue Fracture of Inconel 718 Spline ShaftM - NiCrFe AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Micrographic detail of the granular austenitic structure close to the surface of the shaft.
64
VIEW
ML00041 / Jun.2017
Fatigue Fracture of Inconel 718 Spline Shaft
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - At the Surface
The micrography of a transverse section of the shaft shows a duplex grain size structure in the center of the shaft.
49
VIEW
ML00041 / Jun.2017
Fatigue Fracture of Inconel 718 Spline Shaft
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - In the Center of the Thickness
The micrography of a transverse section of the shaft shows a duplex grain size structure in the center of the shaft. This conditions was probably generated due to the delta phase presented in segregated bands in the center of the original bar.
56
VIEW
ML00041 / Jun.2017
Fatigue Fracture of Inconel 718 Spline Shaft
M - NiCrFe AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - Kalling Etched Micrography by OMDf - In the Center of the Thickness