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Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Microstructure: Segregation Bands Standard: API clear all

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Lateral image of a collapsed API 5D grade S135 drill pipe, presenting the fractured region (bottom of the figure) at the pipe body. Although the pipe steel is of a high strenght, the fracture characteristic is ductile, evidencing strong plastic deformation.
545
VIEW
ML00159 / Mar.2020
Collapse of a Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
The macrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe and connector, at the welded joint, shows that the welding was conducted from both side of the groove, starting from the ID and finishing from the OD, ID later machined flush. The cracking was detected by ultrasonic test and the macro shows that it is at the fusion line, growthing into the weld metal. See the schematic drawing in the next figure
535
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Longitudinal Section

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ML00159 — Collapse of a Drill PipeM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Tempered martensite of the pipe body of this API 5D grade S135 drill pipe. The material presents, at this low magnification micrographic aspect, a slightly banded structure, usual for this type of drill pipe.
58
VIEW
ML00159 / Mar.2020
Collapse of a Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Banded Structure
Micrographic detail of the tempered martensite in the longitudinal section of the pipe body. Uniform structure.
45
VIEW
ML00159 / Mar.2020
Collapse of a Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Micrographic detail of the tempered martensite in the longitudinal section of the pipe body.
39
VIEW
ML00159 / Mar.2020
Collapse of a Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
Macroscopic view of the fracture in the pipe body. In the bottom of the figure, the fracture of the pipe shows a thicker thickness, revealing that this is the pipe region that was first damaged by bending (buckling). In the top of the figure, the fracture shows a (ductile) shearing mechanism and the thickness is thinner, as will be better observed in the macrography.
39
VIEW
ML00159 / Mar.2020
Collapse of a Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - Fracture
Macrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe at the fracture position, as ground, showing in the rigth side the thicker thickness and several secondary cracks opened to the external side of the pipe (created during bending), and in the left side the shearing mechanism and the thinner thickness.
39
VIEW
ML00159 / Mar.2020
Collapse of a Drill Pipe
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Drill PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Longitudinal Section AspectDf - Plastic Deformation

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ML00072 — Liquation Cracks in a High Strength JointM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Schematic drawing presenting the longitudinal section of the pipe and connector at the welded joint
105
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Identification drawingDf - Longitudinal Section
Hot cracking at the fusion line of the connector side, in a welded joint between a forging and a pipe, in a macrographic sample. The region of the heat affected zone of the connector presents a dendritic aspect suggesting that the forging reduction rate of the connector was not too high and did not broke the cast structure.
110
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - NItal Etched MacroDf - Welded Joint
The connector was welded to the pipe from both (internal and external) sides, a PWHT was applied and the part was machined. The UT indication was detected during final inspection.
78
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Aspect Before AnalysisDf - General View
Micrography of the welded joint fusion line presenting the liquation cracking. The weld metal is in the right side (bottom) and the forged connector heat affected zone is in the left side (top).
83
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Cracking
The liquation crack is a hot crack in the base metal (at the HAZ) that induces a solidification crack in the weld metal.
66
VIEW
ML00072 / Jan.2018
Liquation Cracks in a High Strength Joint
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - Longitudinal Seam Welded PipeAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal

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