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12 cases · 76 images

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Condition: Removed From Service Standard: UNS Capture method: Optical Microscope clear all

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Low magnification micrography of a transverse section of the ring showing a dendritic structure.
64
VIEW
ML00166 / Jul.2020
Tin Bronze Wear Ring of Seawater Pump
M - Tin BronzeP - Wear RingAp - ShipCd - Removed From Service
Cm - FeCl3+HCl+H2O Etched MicroDf - Dendritic
The longitudinal section of the shaft, in the center of the thickness, shows a coarse structure, and a ferritic/bainitic structure with pearlite islands.
97
VIEW
ML00152 / Dec.2018
Low Alloy Steel Pump Shaft
M - High Strength Low AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
Micrography of the tool steel, in the longitudinal section of the part. The material presented a uniform structure, tempered martensite. The tempering was in low temperature since the hardness is high (58 HRc at the surface).
87
VIEW
ML00084 / Mar.2020
Walrus Tool Steel
M - High Carbon Tool SteelP - ForgingAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Uniform Structure
Micrography of a transverse section of the engine bearing, close to the internal surface, showing two layers of bearing alloys that presents a total thickness of 600 microns.
29
VIEW
ML00083 / Oct.2017
Steel Back of a Bimetallic Engine Bearing
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Cold FormedAp - ShipCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Surface Layer
Micrography of the cast rim, base metal, in the as polished condition, showing the dendrites of alpha aluminum and interdendritic eutectic Si/alpha, silicon particles in a coalesced condition that sugegsts a solution annealed treatment.
120
VIEW
ML00070 / Jan.2019
Automotive Light Alloy Wheel Repaired By Welding
M - Aluminum Silicon MagnesiumP - RimAp - AutomotiveCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrography of the longitudinal section of the shaft, in the center of the thickness, presenting a ferritic-perlitic structure typical of a hot forming process.
149
VIEW
ML00064 / Apr.2017
SAE 1045 Steel Shaft
M - Medium Carbon SteelP - ShaftAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - In the Center of the Thickness
Micrography of the cast Aluminum alloy (AlSnCuNi) typically adopted for bearing applications.
419
VIEW
ML00058 / Apr.2017
High-Pressure Piston Seal in Casting Al Alloy
M - Aluminum TinP - CastingAp - EnergyCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Casting Structure
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe showing that the carbon steel pipe is slightly banded and there is a decarburized layer at the solid solution welded interface. The stainless steel structure (in the right side of the figure) is not revealed using the Nital etch.
125
VIEW
ML00056 / May.2018
Seamless Tube Externally Cladded with SS
M - Carbon Steel / Stainless SteelP - CladdingAp - Pulp and PaperCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section

More from these cases

ML00166 — Tin Bronze Wear Ring of Seawater PumpM - Tin BronzeP - Wear RingAp - ShipCd - Removed From Service
Micrography of a transverse section of the ring showing a cored alpha structure with segregation at interdendritic regions. This structure is in a region close to the ring surface.
52
VIEW
ML00166 / Jul.2020
Tin Bronze Wear Ring of Seawater Pump
M - Tin BronzeP - Wear RingAp - ShipCd - Removed From Service
Cm - FeCl3+HCl+H2O Etched MicroDf - Dendritic
Micrography of a transverse section of the ring showing a cored alpha structure with strong segregation at interdendritic regions, and regions of a white structure at grain boundaries. This structure is in a region close to the center of the ring.
51
VIEW
ML00166 / Jul.2020
Tin Bronze Wear Ring of Seawater Pump
M - Tin BronzeP - Wear RingAp - ShipCd - Removed From Service
Cm - FeCl3+HCl+H2O Etched MicroDf - Dendritic
Micrographic detail of the cored alpha structure with light segregation at intergranular regions (light layer at grain boundaries), and a white euctetoid structure (alpha and delta) at interdendritic space. This structure is in a region close to the ring surface, where the solidification was quicker.
49
VIEW
ML00166 / Jul.2020
Tin Bronze Wear Ring of Seawater Pump
M - Tin BronzeP - Wear RingAp - ShipCd - Removed From Service
Cm - FeCl3+HCl+H2O Etched MicroDf - Grain boundary intermetallics
Micrographic detail of the cored alpha structure with strong segregation at intergranular regions (dark layer at grain boundaries), and a white euctetoid structure (alpha and delta) at interdendritic space. This structure is in a region close to the center of the ring, where the solidification was slower.
47
VIEW
ML00166 / Jul.2020
Tin Bronze Wear Ring of Seawater Pump
M - Tin BronzeP - Wear RingAp - ShipCd - Removed From Service
Cm - FeCl3+HCl+H2O Etched MicroDf - Grain boundary intermetallics
Tin Bronze Wear Ring of Seawater Pump
2
VIEW
ML00166 / Jul.2020
Tin Bronze Wear Ring of Seawater Pump
M - Tin BronzeP - Wear RingAp - ShipCd - Removed From Service
Cm - FeCl3+HCl+H2O Etched MicroDf - General View

+1 more from this case →

ML00152 — Low Alloy Steel Pump ShaftM - High Strength Low AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
The coarse structure in the center of the shaft thickness is evidenced by free ferrite islands at the previous austenite grains. The presence of a pearlitic structure evidences the slow cool of the material.
85
VIEW
ML00152 / Dec.2018
Low Alloy Steel Pump Shaft
M - High Strength Low AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Coarse Structure
The longitudinal section of the shaft, at the surface, also shows a coarse structure, and a ferritic/bainitic structure with pearlite islands. There is only a small refining in the previous austenite grain boundaries, indicating that the material was not heat treated.
75
VIEW
ML00152 / Dec.2018
Low Alloy Steel Pump Shaft
M - High Strength Low AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
The longitudinal section of the shaft, at the surface, presenting only a small refining in the previous austenite grain boundaries than in the center, indicating that the material was slowed colled from forming and not heat treated.
67
VIEW
ML00152 / Dec.2018
Low Alloy Steel Pump Shaft
M - High Strength Low AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Coarse Structure
Micrographic detail of the pearlitic structure at the surface of the shaft thickness.
69
VIEW
ML00152 / Dec.2018
Low Alloy Steel Pump Shaft
M - High Strength Low AlloyP - ShaftAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Pearlite
ML00084 — Walrus Tool SteelM - High Carbon Tool SteelP - ForgingAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Removed From Service
Micrographic detail of the tool steel, in the longitudinal section of the part. The material presented a uniform structure, tempered martensite, with small secondary carbides. The hardness in the section is 59 HRc.
73
VIEW
ML00084 / Mar.2020
Walrus Tool Steel
M - High Carbon Tool SteelP - ForgingAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Martensite
ML00083 — Steel Back of a Bimetallic Engine BearingM - Low Carbon SteelP - Cold FormedAp - ShipCd - Removed From Service
Micrographic detail of a transverse section of the back steel of an engine bearing, presenting a predominantly ferritic structure, strain hardened.
26
VIEW
ML00083 / Oct.2017
Steel Back of a Bimetallic Engine Bearing
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Cold FormedAp - ShipCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Predominantly Ferritic
Micrography of a transverse section of the back steel of an engine bearing, presenting a predominantly ferritic structure, strain hardened.
24
VIEW
ML00083 / Oct.2017
Steel Back of a Bimetallic Engine Bearing
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Cold FormedAp - ShipCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Strain Hardened
Micrography of a transverse section of the back steel of an engine bearing, presenting a predominantly ferritic structure, strain hardened.
24
VIEW
ML00083 / Oct.2017
Steel Back of a Bimetallic Engine Bearing
M - Low Carbon SteelP - Cold FormedAp - ShipCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Strain Hardened
ML00070 — Automotive Light Alloy Wheel Repaired By WeldingM - Aluminum Silicon MagnesiumP - RimAp - AutomotiveCd - Removed From Service
Micrography of the cast rim, base metal, showing the dendrites of alpha aluminum and interdendritic eutectic Si/alpha, silicon particles in a coalesced condition that suggests a solution annealed treatment. After etching it is possible to identify a transgranular precipitation (aging) and a dark FeSiAl phase (neddles).
88
VIEW
ML00070 / Jan.2019
Automotive Light Alloy Wheel Repaired By Welding
M - Aluminum Silicon MagnesiumP - RimAp - AutomotiveCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrographic detail of the cast rim, base metal, in the as polished condition, showing the dendrites of alpha aluminum and interdendritic eutectic Si/alpha, silicon particles in a coalesced condition that sugegsts a solution annealed treatment.
75
VIEW
ML00070 / Jan.2019
Automotive Light Alloy Wheel Repaired By Welding
M - Aluminum Silicon MagnesiumP - RimAp - AutomotiveCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Micrographic detail of the cast rim, base metal, showing the dendrites of alpha aluminum and interdendritic eutectic Si/alpha, silicon particles in a coalesced condition that suggests a solution annealed treatment. After etching it is possible to identify a transgranular precipitation (aging) and a dark FeSiAl phase (neddles).
62
VIEW
ML00070 / Jan.2019
Automotive Light Alloy Wheel Repaired By Welding
M - Aluminum Silicon MagnesiumP - RimAp - AutomotiveCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
Low magnification micrography of the welded region, showing the base metal in the bottom, the fusion zone (between the liquidus and solidus temperatures) in the center and the weld metal in the top. There are pores close to the weld metal and in the fusion zone the interdendritic space was melted and the eutectic morphology was changed.
64
VIEW
ML00070 / Jan.2019
Automotive Light Alloy Wheel Repaired By Welding
M - Aluminum Silicon MagnesiumP - RimAp - AutomotiveCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Repair
The cast material that presents for the base metal a coalesced silicon particles in the interdendritic space and intragranular precipitation shows a solution effect at the heat affected zone.
52
VIEW
ML00070 / Jan.2019
Automotive Light Alloy Wheel Repaired By Welding
M - Aluminum Silicon MagnesiumP - RimAp - AutomotiveCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone

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ML00064 — SAE 1045 Steel ShaftM - Medium Carbon SteelP - ShaftAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Removed From Service
Micrographic detail of the ferritic-perlitic structure, typical of a hot forming process, in the center of the thickness.
139
VIEW
ML00064 / Apr.2017
SAE 1045 Steel Shaft
M - Medium Carbon SteelP - ShaftAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - In the Center of the Thickness
Micrographic detail of the ferritic-perlitic structure, typical of a hot forming process, in the center of the thickness.
115
VIEW
ML00064 / Apr.2017
SAE 1045 Steel Shaft
M - Medium Carbon SteelP - ShaftAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - In the Center of the Thickness
Micrography of the longitudinal section of the shaft, at the damaged surface (with a light wear). In low magnification the ferritic perlitic texture reveals the forging lines.
102
VIEW
ML00064 / Apr.2017
SAE 1045 Steel Shaft
M - Medium Carbon SteelP - ShaftAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - At the Surface
Micrographic detail of the ferritic-perlitic structure at the surface where the wear damage is light.
92
VIEW
ML00064 / Apr.2017
SAE 1045 Steel Shaft
M - Medium Carbon SteelP - ShaftAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - At the Surface
ML00058 — High-Pressure Piston Seal in Casting Al AlloyM - Aluminum TinP - CastingAp - EnergyCd - Removed From Service
Micrography of the cast Aluminum alloy (AlSnCuNi) typically adopted for bearing applications.
45
VIEW
ML00058 / Apr.2017
High-Pressure Piston Seal in Casting Al Alloy
M - Aluminum TinP - CastingAp - EnergyCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Casting Structure
Micrography of the cast Aluminum alloy (AlSnCuNi) typically adopted for bearing applications.
34
VIEW
ML00058 / Apr.2017
High-Pressure Piston Seal in Casting Al Alloy
M - Aluminum TinP - CastingAp - EnergyCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Casting Structure
Micrography of the cast Aluminum alloy (AlSnCuNi) typically adopted for bearing applications.
32
VIEW
ML00058 / Apr.2017
High-Pressure Piston Seal in Casting Al Alloy
M - Aluminum TinP - CastingAp - EnergyCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Casting Structure
ML00056 — Seamless Tube Externally Cladded with SSM - Carbon Steel / Stainless SteelP - CladdingAp - Pulp and PaperCd - Removed From Service
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe showing the carbon steel pipe , internal.
122
VIEW
ML00056 / May.2018
Seamless Tube Externally Cladded with SS
M - Carbon Steel / Stainless SteelP - CladdingAp - Pulp and PaperCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Ferrite and Pearlite
Micrography of a longitudinal section of the pipe showing the stainless steel pipe , external.
99
VIEW
ML00056 / May.2018
Seamless Tube Externally Cladded with SS
M - Carbon Steel / Stainless SteelP - CladdingAp - Pulp and PaperCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Austenite
Micrographic detail of the interface in the longitudinal section of the pipe showing the Vickers (300g) microhardness values, close to the interface in the carbon steel side and in the stainless steel side. Although the Nital etch does not allow to reveal the structure in the stainless steel side, the high hardness values show that the structure is different.
113
VIEW
ML00056 / May.2018
Seamless Tube Externally Cladded with SS
M - Carbon Steel / Stainless SteelP - CladdingAp - Pulp and PaperCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
Micrographic detail of the interface in the longitudinal section of the pipe showing the decarburized layer at the solid solution welded interface. The stainless steel structure (in the right side of the figure) is not revealed using the Nital etch.
80
VIEW
ML00056 / May.2018
Seamless Tube Externally Cladded with SS
M - Carbon Steel / Stainless SteelP - CladdingAp - Pulp and PaperCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Clad Interface
Micrography of the interface between the carbon steel that is strongly etched by the electrolytic oxalic acid (in the left side of the figure) and the stainless steel, in the longitudinal section of the pipe. There is a strain hardened layer very close to the interface, at the stainless steel side.
79
VIEW
ML00056 / May.2018
Seamless Tube Externally Cladded with SS
M - Carbon Steel / Stainless SteelP - CladdingAp - Pulp and PaperCd - Removed From Service
Cm - Micrography by OM using A262 Method ADf - Longitudinal Section

+2 more from this case →