Optical Microscope

4 cases · 18 images

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Microstructure: Duplex Ferritic Austenitic Detail focus: Heat Affected Zone clear all

Optical Microscope — sub-branches

NaOH Electrolytic Etched Micro 18

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Micrography of the heat affected zone of the pipe to the fitting, at the pipe position, where the weld is in angle to the pipe (welded at the pipe surface). Weld metal to the top.
85
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the valve at the welded joint of the body to the insert (fillet weld). The cracking was arrested at the position of this welded joint because the structures of the weld metal, insert and heat affected zones are tough (austenitic in the weld metal and insert, and free from sigma in the HAZ) .
46
VIEW
ML00134 / Aug.2020
Brittle Fracture of a Superduplex Valve Body
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the tubing heat affected zone.
69
VIEW
ML00100 / Nov.2017
Superduplex Tubing to Forging Welded Joint
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Welding
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - HAZ Left Side
Micrography of the pipe heat affected zone. In the left the pipe base metal, with banded duplex structure; and in the right the weld metal, with Widmanstatten morphology of the structure.
43
VIEW
ML00049 / Apr.2017
Pipe to Flange Welded Joint in a 14" ND Superduplex Spool
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Piping spoolAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone

More from these cases

ML00150 — Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil PipingM - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Micrography of the heat affected zone of the pipe to the fitting, at the pipe position. Base metal to the bottom of the figure and fusion line to the top.
87
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the pipe. The amount of ferrite in the HAZ is a little higher than in the pipe base metal.
86
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the heat affected zone of the pipe to the fitting, at the fitting position. The fitting is welded in the thickness. The fusion line is in the bottom of the figure.
74
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the fitting, welded to the pipe. The forged fitting base metal is to the top of the figure and the fusion line is to the bottom.
71
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the heat affected zone (HAZ) of the fitting. The amount of ferrite in the HAZ is a little higher than in the pipe base metal.
70
VIEW
ML00150 / Dec.2018
Vibration Induced Fatigue in a SS Oil Piping
M - Duplex Stainless SteelP - PipingAp - FPSOCd - Vibration Induced Fatigue
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
ML00134 — Brittle Fracture of a Superduplex Valve BodyM - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Brittle Fracture
Micrographic detail of the fusion line of the welded joint of the body to the insert (fillet weld). The cracking was arrested at the position of this welded joint because the structures of the weld metal, insert and heat affected zones are tough (austenitic in the weld metal and insert, and free from sigma in the HAZ) .
39
VIEW
ML00134 / Aug.2020
Brittle Fracture of a Superduplex Valve Body
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the valve at the welded joint of the body to the insert (fillet weld). The heat affected zone shows that the sigma phase was removed, which means that the base metal was degradated and during welding the thermal cycle created a condition to remove the sigma phase (dissolve it).
38
VIEW
ML00134 / Aug.2020
Brittle Fracture of a Superduplex Valve Body
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrographic detail of the heat affected zone of the valve to the insert joint showing that the sigma phase was removed, which means that the base metal was degradated and during welding the thermal cycle created a condition to dissolve the sigma phase.
39
VIEW
ML00134 / Aug.2020
Brittle Fracture of a Superduplex Valve Body
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
ML00100 — Superduplex Tubing to Forging Welded JointM - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Welding
Micrography of the tubing heat affected zone.
68
VIEW
ML00100 / Nov.2017
Superduplex Tubing to Forging Welded Joint
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Welding
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - HAZ Left Side
Micrography of the forging heat affected zone.
41
VIEW
ML00100 / Nov.2017
Superduplex Tubing to Forging Welded Joint
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Welding
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - HAZ Right Side
Micrography of the forging heat affected zone.
35
VIEW
ML00100 / Nov.2017
Superduplex Tubing to Forging Welded Joint
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Fabrication WeldAp - SubseaCd - Welding
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - HAZ Right Side
ML00049 — Pipe to Flange Welded Joint in a 14" ND Superduplex SpoolM - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Piping spoolAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Higher magnification of the pipe heat affected zone. The amount of ferrite increases with the proximity of the fusion line (to the right).
38
VIEW
ML00049 / Apr.2017
Pipe to Flange Welded Joint in a 14" ND Superduplex Spool
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Piping spoolAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the flange heat affected zone. In the right the flange base metal, with coarse structure and detrimental phases associated to the ferrite; and in the left the weld metal, with Widmanstatten morphology of the structure.
36
VIEW
ML00049 / Apr.2017
Pipe to Flange Welded Joint in a 14" ND Superduplex Spool
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Piping spoolAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone
Higher magnification of the flange heat affected zone. The detrimental phases in the ferrite structure is clearly being dissolved with the proximity of the fusion line (to the left).
28
VIEW
ML00049 / Apr.2017
Pipe to Flange Welded Joint in a 14" ND Superduplex Spool
M - Super Duplex Stainless SteelP - Piping spoolAp - Oil and GasCd - Removed From Service
Cm - NaOH Electrolytic Etched MicroDf - Heat Affected Zone