Optical Microscope

67 cases · 306 images

Crevice Corrosion in a Subsea System — Aspect Before Analysis

Condition: Damage Detail focus: Sampling and Analysis clear all

Optical Microscope — sub-branches

As polished micrography 34FeCl3+HCl+Ethanol Etched Micro 3FeCl3+HCl+H2O Etched Micro 3Glyceregia Etched Micrography by OM 2Kalling Etched Micrography by OM 39Keller Etched Micrography by OM 13Kroll Etched Micrography by OM 7Micro by OM, picric acid+FeCl3+H2O etch 1Micrography by OM 11Micrography by OM using A262 Method A 16NaOH Electrolytic Etched Micro 26Nital Etched Micrography by OM 132Oxalic Acid Electrolytic Etch 19

Results

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Micrography of the valve body carbon steel thread, in the valley. Ferritic-bainitic structure.
77
VIEW
ML00184 / Apr.2023
Dissimilar Steels in a Threaded Connection
M - Low Carbon SteelP - ForgingAp - OffshoreCd - Localized Dissolution
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Transverse Section
Micrography transverse to the fracture surface of the WHEEL 1. The fracture is in the up right position of the photo and it can be observed a secondary cracking following the interdendritic precipitates.
33
VIEW
ML00183 / Dec.2022
Ductile Behavior of an Aluminum Wheel
M - Aluminum Silicon MagnesiumP - CastingAp - AutomotiveCd - Ductile Behavior
Cm - Keller Etched Micrography by OMDf - Radial Section
Low magnification micrography presenting segregation bands in a martensitic structure. In the segregated regions the Nital etch effect is lower and the bands appear lighter. The black spots and lines are inclusions (some elongated) in the band.
91
VIEW
ML00182 / Jul.2022
Brittle Fracture of a LAS Fixing Rod
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - StemAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Longitudinal Section
Micrography of the tooth gear, in a transverse section, close to surface. The material presents light ghost marks that reveal chemical segregations.
80
VIEW
ML00181 / Apr.2022
Wear of a Carburized Hypoid Gear
M - Low Alloy for Thermochemical TreatmentP - Pinion-crown assemblyAp - ShipCd - Wear
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - At the Surface
Micrographic aspect of the tube out of the damaged region, in a longitudinal section, showing the grain refined copper structure.
96
VIEW
ML00180 / Mar.2022
Local Melting of Copper Cooling Tubes
M - Pure CopperP - Cooling TubeAp - SiderurgyCd - Overheating
Cm - FeCl3+HCl+H2O Etched MicroDf - In the Center of the Thickness
Low magnification micrography transverse to the fillet weld in the pipe. The pipe base metal is to the bottom of the figure and the weld metal is to the top. The heat affected zone in the middle, shows a coarse grain size structure.
59
VIEW
ML00179 / Feb.2022
Hydrides in Titanium Weld
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - In Field WeldAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Kroll Etched Micrography by OMDf - Welded Joint
Quenched and tempered structure of the F22 steel forging, presenting about 230HV10 average hardness.
133
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal
BASE METAL SURFACE - Ferritic structure, grain refined.
90
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal

More from these cases

ML00182 — Brittle Fracture of a LAS Fixing RodM - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - StemAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Brittle Fracture
Low magnification micrography, revealing (in black) the impurities in the segregated bands.
63
VIEW
ML00182 / Jul.2022
Brittle Fracture of a LAS Fixing Rod
M - Low Alloy Medium Carbon QTP - StemAp - Mechanical IndustryCd - Brittle Fracture
Cm - Micro by OM, picric acid+FeCl3+H2O etchDf - Longitudinal Section
ML00181 — Wear of a Carburized Hypoid GearM - Low Alloy for Thermochemical TreatmentP - Pinion-crown assemblyAp - ShipCd - Wear
Micrography of the tooth gear, in a transverse section of center region. Again, some segregation patterns are visible.
58
VIEW
ML00181 / Apr.2022
Wear of a Carburized Hypoid Gear
M - Low Alloy for Thermochemical TreatmentP - Pinion-crown assemblyAp - ShipCd - Wear
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - In the Center of the Thickness
ML00179 — Hydrides in Titanium WeldM - Unalloyed TitaniumP - In Field WeldAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Hydride Formation
Low magnification micrography showing the weld metal, full of pores, indicating that the field welding was not properly shileded.
50
VIEW
ML00179 / Feb.2022
Hydrides in Titanium Weld
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - In Field WeldAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Kroll Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
Coarse grains in the heat affected zone.
46
VIEW
ML00179 / Feb.2022
Hydrides in Titanium Weld
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - In Field WeldAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Kroll Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
Micrography of the weld metal at the fillet weld where the cracking started, showing several brittle microcracks that corresponds to the regions where the fractography showed secondary crackis.
35
VIEW
ML00179 / Feb.2022
Hydrides in Titanium Weld
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - In Field WeldAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Kroll Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
Micrographic detail of the weld metal brittle microcracks, in regions with hydrides formation.
32
VIEW
ML00179 / Feb.2022
Hydrides in Titanium Weld
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - In Field WeldAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Kroll Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
Brittle crack in the surface of the welded joint, at the heat affected zone close to the fusion line.
30
VIEW
ML00179 / Feb.2022
Hydrides in Titanium Weld
M - Unalloyed TitaniumP - In Field WeldAp - Chemical IndustryCd - Hydride Formation
Cm - Kroll Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone

+6 more from this case →

ML00178 — Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded ForgingM - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Fusion line of the forging side, in the cap, showing the weld metal (to the top of the image) and the base metal (to the bottom of the image). The heat affected zone hardness is about 270HV10.
108
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Heat Affected Zone
The columnar grains of the weld metal in the cap presented a martensitic structure.
60
VIEW
ML00178 / Jan.2022
Cold cracks in Cr-Mo Welded Forging
M - CrMo SteelP - ForgingAp - O&G Well DrillingCd - Welding Defect
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal
ML00177 — Cr-Mo Seam Welded TubeM - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
HAZ SURFACE
72
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Last Bead HAZ
HAZ SURFACE
66
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Last Bead HAZ
WELD METAL SURFACE
47
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal in the Cap
WELD METAL SURFACE
43
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Weld Metal in the Cap
BASE METAL T/2
41
VIEW
ML00177 / Dec.2021
Cr-Mo Seam Welded Tube
M - CrMo SteelP - Longitudinally Seam WeldedAp - Fired HeaterCd - Not according to spec
Cm - Nital Etched Micrography by OMDf - Base Metal

+9 more from this case →